Environmental Laws, Economics, and Ethics Chapter 2

Dominated by Frontier Attitude Establishment of Jamestown, VA Henry David Thoreau George Perkins Marsh John James Audubon

Environmental History of US Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Utilitarian Conservationist Utilitarian Conservationist John Muir (Sierra Club) John Muir (Sierra Club) Biocentric Preservationist Biocentric Preservationist National Park Service National Park Service 1875 American Forestry Assoc. Formed General Revision Act 1890 Yosemite and Sequoia National Parks Established

Franklin Roosevelt Franklin Roosevelt Civilian Conservation Corps Civilian Conservation Corps Dust Bowl Dust Bowl Antiquities Act Antiquities Act Allows president to set aside sites of scientific or historical importance (monuments) Allows president to set aside sites of scientific or historical importance (monuments) Environmental History of US 1906 Antiquities Act 1935 Creation of Soil Conservation Service 1916 National Park Service Created

Environmental History of US  20 th Century Naturalists (authors)  Leopold - A Sand Country Almanac  Stegner - Wilderness Essay  Carson - Silent Spring  Heightened awareness of DDT and pesticides Aldo Leopold ( ) Wallace Stegner ( ) Rachel Carson ( )

History of Environmental Law 1970’s 1970’s 1 st Earth Day 1 st Earth Day EPA EPA NEPA- (EISs) NEPA- (EISs) 1980’s 1980’s CFC’s and the Ozone layer CFC’s and the Ozone layer Montreal Protocol Montreal Protocol 1990’s 1990’s First IPCC panel warns of global warming First IPCC panel warns of global warming 2000’s 2000’s Toxic Chemicals Toxic Chemicals Global Warming- Global Warming – Kyoto Protocol 2001 – Kyoto Protocol

Central & Eastern Europe

Environmental Worldviews Western Rights of Rights of Consumption Consumption Human obligation Human obligation Changes in Changes in Promotes Growth Promotes Growth Deep Ecology Rights of Rights of Consumption Consumption Human obligation Human obligation Changes in Changes in Promotes Growth Promotes Growth