Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells – Fundamentals and Applications 質子交換膜燃料電池 --- 原理與應用 C. W. Lin Department of Chemical Engineering National Yunlin University.

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Presentation transcript:

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells – Fundamentals and Applications 質子交換膜燃料電池 --- 原理與應用 C. W. Lin Department of Chemical Engineering National Yunlin University of Science & Technology

Fuel cell technology A Dream, Challenge Or A Necessity

Fuel cell as energy converter Chemical energy of the fuels Electrical energy conversion Thermal energy conversion Mechanical energy conversion

H2H2 H2H2 O2O2 O2O2 H + H + H + H O H H O H H National Yunlin University of Science & Technology Functional Polymer Lab. A fuel cell consists of two electrodes sandwiched around an electrolyte. Oxygen passes over one electrode and hydrogen over the other, generating electricity, water and heat.

High energy-conversion efficiency Thermodynamic efficiency for fuel cells and Carnot efficiency for heat engines

What is a fuel cell? Proton and hydroxyl conducting fuel cells

Modular design Fuel cells for different scale applications

Small transportation Can we apply small technologies to become more sustainable?

DMFC Application: Portable Power

DMFC: Working principle CH 3 OH+H 2 O   CO 2 +6H + +6e Anode O 2 +4H + +4e   2H 2 O Cathode CH 3 OHO2O2 H2OH2O e DRYDRY H2OH2OH2OH2O H + transport e fuel crossover CO2CO2 Catalyst poisoning Pt-CO

DMFC: Problems and possible solutions Methanol crossover Hybrid membranes, nanocomposites, etc Catalyst poisoning (Pt-CO) Better complex catalyst (Pt-X), higher temperature (>120°C) Slow “ water shift reaction ” (CH 3 OH+H 2 O  CO 2 +6H + +6e) below ~100 °C Better complex catalyst, higher temperature But the higher the temperature, the worse the water balance in membrane Water-free membranes?

PEMFC: Water balance in membrane Water balance in polymer membrane. H 2   2H + +2e Anode O 2 +4H + +4e   2H 2 O Cathode H + transport H 2 O diffusion Electro-osmotic drag H + (H 2 O) H 2 O diffusion H + transport H2H2 O2O2 H2OH2O ee DRYDRY WETWET H2OH2OH2OH2O

MEA 組成示意圖

Currently Used Proton Exchange Membrane(PEM)-Nafion 