Internet2: Implications for Higher Education Douglas Van Houweling President & CEO -- UCAID

Overview  History  Today’s Internet  Barriers to Progress  Internet2  Advanced Internet Projects  Applications  Network Requirements and Abilene  Implications  Comments & Questions  History  Today’s Internet  Barriers to Progress  Internet2  Advanced Internet Projects  Applications  Network Requirements and Abilene  Implications  Comments & Questions

History  ARPAnet origins  NSFnet Privatization in 1995  Higher ed planning in 1995/1996 Are our research and education needs being met by today’s internet?

Today’s Internet  Growing at % per month  Challenges to higher education The “world wide wait” Human interaction awkward  Virtual meetings and seminars  Shared authoring  Browsing publications Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts not feasible

Today’s Internet  Inadequate for mission-critical applications Authentication “Best efforts” not good enough  Intranets and Extranets instead Match capacity and demand Provide a more secure environment Don’t reach the public at large, though!

Barriers to Progress  Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand  Advanced applications can’t be deployed  No large scale development environment available  Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Research and Development Commercialization Partnerships Privatization NSFNET Internet2, Abilene, vBNS ESNET, NREN, DREN ARPAnet gigabit testbeds Active Nets wireless WDM SprintLink InternetMCI Agency Networks ANS Interoperable High Performance Research &Education Networks 21st Century Networking Quality of Service (QoS)

The Establishment of Internet2  10/96 -- I2 organizing meeting 34 institutions signed up Membership commitment  $25,000/year in membership dues  I2 connectivity and campus upgrades  9/97 -- University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development Home of Internet2 and Abilene Offices in Washington, DC and Ann Arbor, MI

UCAID Organization & Budget  University CEO’s are voting representatives for regular members  Structured as an agile organization capable of responding to rapid change.  4 Councils with Board seats Applications Policy & Operations Network Research Industry  Member dues provide income base

UCAID Board  Chair -- David Ward -- Chancellor, University of Wisconsin/Madison  Henry Bienen -- President, Northwestern University  William Bowen -- President, Mellon Foundation  Molly Corbett Broad -- President, University of North Carolina  Larry Faulkner -- President, University of Texas/Austin  Steven Sample -- President, University of Southern California  Graham Spanier -- President, Penn State University  Gary Augustson -- Chair, Network Planning and Policy Council  Tom DiFanti -- Chair, Applications Strategy Council  Larry Landweber -- Chair, Network Research Liaison Council  Doug Van Houweling -- President and CEO

Internet2 Project Goals  Enable new generation of applications  Re-create leading edge R&E network capability  Transfer capability to the global production Internet

Internet2 Universities 133 as of September 1998 University of Puerto Rico not shown

Internet2 Corporate Partners  3Com  Advanced Network & Services, Inc.  AT&T  Cabletron Systems  Cisco Systems  FORE  IBM  3Com  Advanced Network & Services, Inc.  AT&T  Cabletron Systems  Cisco Systems  FORE  IBM  Lucent Technologies  MCI Worldcom  Newbridge Networks  Nortel Networks  Qwest Communications  StarBurst Communications  Lucent Technologies  MCI Worldcom  Newbridge Networks  Nortel Networks  Qwest Communications  StarBurst Communications

Internet2 Corporate Sponsors  Bell South  Packet Engines  SBC Technology Resources  StorageTek  Torrent Technologies

Internet2 Corporate Members  Alcatel Telecom  Ameritech  Apple Computers  AppliedTheory  Bell Atlantic  Bellcore  British Telecom  Deutsche Telekom  GTE Internetworking  Hitachi  IXC Communications  KDD  Nexabit Networks  Nokia Research Center  Alcatel Telecom  Ameritech  Apple Computers  AppliedTheory  Bell Atlantic  Bellcore  British Telecom  Deutsche Telekom  GTE Internetworking  Hitachi  IXC Communications  KDD  Nexabit Networks  Nokia Research Center  Novell  Pacific Bell  RR Donnelley  Siemens  Sprint  StorageTek  Sun Microsystems  Sylvan Learning  Telebeam  Williams Communications  Novell  Pacific Bell  RR Donnelley  Siemens  Sprint  StorageTek  Sun Microsystems  Sylvan Learning  Telebeam  Williams Communications

Internet2 GigaPoPs

Advanced Internet Projects  Next Generation Internet (NGI) Focused on:  Federal mission agency needs  Maintaining US Internet leadership  Internet2 Focused on:  Higher education needs  Moving the public Internet to the next level

Advanced Internet Projects  The whole is greater than the sum of the parts NGI provides partial financial support for university Internet2 projects Internet2 and NGI coordinate technology development and deployment Industry has strong incentive to implement resulting capabilities

Advanced Internet Benefits  Richer content through higher bandwidth Video, audio Virtual reality Dynamic not static  More interactivity via minimal delay  Reliable content delivery through quality of service model

Applications Engineering MotivateEnables Applications and Engineering

Internet2 Applications  Deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in the conduct of: Research Teaching Learning  Require advanced networking

Many Disciplines and Contexts  Sciences  Arts  Humanities  Health care  Business/Law  Administration  …  Instruction  Collaboration  Streaming video  Distributed computation  Data mining  Virtual reality  Digital libraries  …

Application Attributes  Interactive research collaboration and instruction  Real-time access to remote scientific instruments Images courtesy of the University of Michigan

Attributes, cont.  Large-scale, multi- site computation and database processing  Shared virtual reality  Any combination of the above Images courtesy of Old Dominion University and Univ of Illinois-Chicago

American Sign Language and English Captions Gallaudet University Georgetown University

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope University of Michigan

Philips XL30

Distributed Image SpreadSheet University of Missouri- Columbia

3D Brain Mapping: “Watching the Brain in Action” University of Pittsburgh Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center

Upper Atmospheric Research Collaboratory University of Michigan

Teleimmersion  Shared virtual reality  University of Illinois at Chicago Virtual Temporal Bone Images courtesy Univ of Illinois- Chicago

Globally Interconnected Object Databases California Institute of Technology

Real-Time Remote Surgical Collaboration Ohio State University

GeoWorlds USC/ISI

Middleware Challenges  Identify technologies that are scalable and interoperable  Increase deployment of middleware technologies as part of a pre- commercial production environment  Examples: Distributed storage Video tools QoS implementation

 Deploy a production network to support applications R&D  Establish quality of service (QoS)  Support native multicast  Establish gigaPoPs as effective service points Engineering Objectives

Abilene Project  Complement vBNS Internet2 backbone  Provide advanced network testbed  Support Internet2 applications development  Demonstrate next generation operational and quality of service capabilities  Create facilities for network research

Abilene Network January 1999 Cleveland New York Atlanta Indianapolis Kansas City Houston Denver Los Angeles Sacramento Seattle Abilene Router Node Abilene Access Node Operational January 1999 Planned 1999

Abilene Characteristics  2.4 Gbps (OC48) among gigaPoPs, increasing to 9.6 Gbps (OC192)  Connections at 622 Mbps (OC12) or 155 Mbps (OC3)  IP over Sonet technology  Access PoPs very close to almost all of the anticipated university gigaPoPs

Abilene Schedule  Spring 1998: enrollment discussions with members  Fall 1998: Demonstation and pre- production  January 1999: Initial group of around 30 members connected  1999: Other members connected as mutually planned

International Activities  Focus on researcher partnerships working on advanced applications  Cooperate on QoS, etc. to maintain global interoperability  Use STARTAP (Science, Technology, and Research Transit Access Point)  Execute MoU’s with comparable organizations across the globe Canada Nordic countries Netherlands Others in progress

Current Priorities  Expand and enhance backbone connectivity  Identify and facilitate first phase applications development & deployment  Facilitate middleware standardization and implementation  Support network research  Build international collaboration opportunities

Result  The Internet and its applications will subsume other services: telephone mail television print news movie rental virtual meetings classroom-based education advertising and sales will be universally accessible

Implications  From casual & important uses to mission-critical uses  From delayed interaction -> immediate interaction  From regulated media -> less regulated communication  From mass media (munication?) -> personalized communication  Interactive electronic communities will proliferate and thrive

Trend -- Information -> Collaboration  Today’s Internet focuses on access to and delivery of information  Tomorrow’s Internet will support human collaboration in an information-rich environment  The Internet is global, and is creating a global capability to build knowledge-based communities

Intangible Value  The world is moving from an economy based on tangibles to one based on intangibles slower growth in physical flows of material goods & products faster growth of ethereal streams of data, images, and symbols  Supporting human interaction less constrained by geography & time

Distributed Organizations  VISA International  The Internet  Higher education The Internet could have scaled nowhere else  All created to convey intangible value  All dependent on information and flexible interorganizational and interpersonal relationships

Implications for an Internet World  The future will undoubtedly be different than we and predict, but we can observe a powerful confluence: intangible value represented in and transportable though information technology increasing success of distributed global organizations an Internet designed to support a world built on human collaboration in an information-rich environment

Are We Ready?  We still think about mass communication, not personal interaction  We still measure the economy in terms of tangibles  We still assume organizations are hierarchical  Can the higher education community provide the model for our future?

Are We Ready?  The higher education research community is already global  But learning is still focused on physical classrooms and “seat time”  Knowledge-based enterprises are working to build a global base of human resources based on lifelong education, not the early- career degree program

Are We Ready?  To build global learning environments around the global R&D communities now being developed? The global market for highly specialized knowledge may sustain offerings not feasible for even the largest campus Faculty will need to collaborate in teaching just as they have in research  If we don’t, others will

Are We Ready?  Information technology will provide the capability  Faculty will build the research and learning environments  Can our institutions support the required organizational & financial innovations?

More Info...    Doug Van Houweling Internet Boardwalk Suite 100 Ann Arbor, MI