Pg. 82 RTW: Break apart the word “biogeochemical”. What definition can you make for biogeochemical cycle? Objective: I will be able to diagram and explain the biogeochemical cycles of an ecosystem. Agenda: Read pg to 6-28 Draw the different cycles (on pg. 83) Homework: Study for quiz on Friday Monday, December 8 th, 2014

Pg. 82 RTW: What element is fundamental to all life? Objective: I will be able to diagram and explain the biogeochemical cycles of an ecosystem. Agenda: Carbon Cycle Game Homework: None Tuesday, December 9 th, 2014

Pg. 82 RTW: How is carbon released into the atmosphere? Objective: I will be able to diagram and explain the biogeochemical cycles of an ecosystem. Agenda: Biogeochemical cycle notes (pg. 85) STAR pg. Homework: Study for quiz on Friday Wednesday, December 10 th, 2014

Biogeochemical Cycles The continuous flow of elements & compounds between organisms & the earth Nutrients- inorganic substances that organisms require to live Organic substances break down through decomposition leaving behind inorganic substances eventually brought to surface by upwelling.

Carbon Cycle (CO2 is a greenhouse gas) Fundamental element (carbon is in all living things) Carbon forms the basis for chemical energy and for building tissues. Carbon dioxide gas dissolves into the ocean (a CO 2 storage tank) Decomposition of organisms releases it Calcium carbonate Much is concentrated in the deep sea Major contributor to global warming On your own: List how CO 2 is released into the atmosphere

Nitrogen Cycle Required by organisms for proteins, chlorophyll, and nucleic acids. Must be converted to a usable form by bacteria Ammonia  Nitrates  Nitrites  Nitrogen gas

Phosphorus Cycle Used in the ATP/ADP cycle (Energy) Part of DNA Makes up bones & teeth when combined with calcium carbonate Fertilizer

Silicon in the Marine Environment Silicon exists as silicon dioxide aka silica. Used by diatoms and radiolarians (types of plankton) to build shells and skeletons. Most sand is silica due to is abundance in rocks and resistance to being broken down completely.

S.T.A.R (Answer on pg. 83) 1.How is carbon released into the atmosphere? 2.Which gas needs to be converted by bacteria before we can use it? 3.How do organisms use nitrogen? 4.Why is phosphorous essential to life? 5.Why is Silicon is important to some marine organisms?

Pg. 82 RTW: Which gas needs to converted before humans can use it? Objective: I will be able to identify toxic substances that accumulate in aquatic systems, such as ammonia, nitrates, etc. Agenda: Revisit eutrophication (Notes pg. 85/87) Homework: Study for quiz on tomorrow Thursday, December 11 th, 2014

Chesapeake Bay

The Chesapeake Bay Watershed

Largest estuary in the United States

Fishing Industry of: No other American estuary has a higher yield Blue CrabOystersStriped BassClams

The Bay Is Not Healthy

Nutrient Pollution Causes Algal Blooms and Fish Kills

Nutrients, Algae and Fish Kills Dead zones appear in the bay where nothing can live Low dissolved oxygen in the water kills fish and other organisms Microbes use the oxygen in the water Detritus is decomposed by microbes, microbe populations boom. Algae die and become detritus (decaying matter) Adding nutrients causes algal blooms In normal ecosystem low nutrient levels keep algae in check Fish kill caused by nutrient build-up, Nanticoke River, Chesapeake Bay, 1992

What causes the excess nutrients? Rivers and tributaries are bringing the nutrients to the Chesapeake Bay: Sewage Farming Factory farms discharge 650 million lbs of chicken manure each year

Pg. 82 RTW: What is the downward movement of water through soils called? Objective: I will be able to diagram and explain the biogeochemical cycles of an ecosystem. Agenda: Quiz- biogeochemical cycles Review Quizzes Homework: None Friday, December 12 th, 2014