North Florida Flight Standards District Office MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION CFI / ESP Seminar Larry Enlow September 12, 2007

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION ENGINE INOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES DIRECTIONAL CONTROL CLIMB PERFORMANCE

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION REVIEW OF ACCIDENTS INVOLVING: DIRECTIONAL CONTROL CLIMB PERFORMANCE INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION DIRECTIONAL CONTROL AIRCRAFT MUST BE FLOWN AT OR ABOVE MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED (Vmc) TO MAINTAIN DIRECTIONAL CONTROL

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED (Vmc) MAXIMUM TAKEOFF POWER MOST UNFAVORABLE WEIGHT & CG POSITION FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION LANDING GEAR RETRACTED AIRPLANE TRIMMED FOR TAKEOFF COWL FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION INOPERATIVE ENGINE WINDMILLING BANK INTO OPERATING ENGINE (maximum 5 º for certification) STANDARD ATMOSPHERE

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION MINIMUM CONTROL AIRSPEED (Vmc) MAXIMUM TAKEOFF POWER MOST UNFAVORABLE WEIGHT & CG POSITION FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION LANDING GEAR RETRACTED AIRPLANE TRIMMED FOR TAKEOFF COWL FLAPS TAKEOFF POSITION INOPERATIVE ENGINE WINDMILLING BANK INTO OPERATING ENGINE STANDARD ATMOSPHERE

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION HOW BANK AFFECTS Vmc HORIZONTAL COMPONENT OF LIFT COMPONENT OF WEIGHT 3 KNOTS PER DEGREE OF BANK Vmc BASED ON 5 º BANK INTO OPERATING ENG. BANK GREATER THAN 5 º LOWERS Vmc BANK LESS THAN 5 º INCREASES Vmc ZERO BANK INCREASES Vmc 15 KTS. BANK INTO INOP. ENG. Could increase Vmc by 20 KTS.

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION FAA STANDARD SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE PROCEDURES TAKEOFF ROLL: MAX. 50 % Vmc w / MIXTURE ABOVE 50 % Vmc: NO CUTS UNTIL 500’ AGL ENG. CUTS FROM 500’ TO BELOW 3,000’ AGL w / THROTTLE ONLY ENG. CUTS 3,000’ AGL & ABOVE w / THROTTLE OR MIXTURE SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE PERFORMED BY TURNING OFF A FUEL SELECTOR IS NOT RECOMMENDED

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION CLIMB PERFORMANCE MAX POWER ON OPERATING ENGINE GEAR UP FLAPS UP INOP. ENGINE PROP FEATHERED ZERO SIDESLIP Vyse

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION FACTORS AFFECTING ZERO SIDESLIP CORRECT ANGLE OF BANK CORRECT APPLICATION OF RUDDER YAW STRING REQUIRED FOR TRAINING

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION FACTORS AFFECTING Vyse SEA LEVEL (29.92 HG) 15 º C MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT INCREASE IN DENSITY ALTITUDE DECREASES Vyse DECREASE IN WEIGHT DECREASES Vyse

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION PUBLISHED Vyse (BLUE LINE) IS ONLY ACCURATE AT STANDARD SEA LEVEL ATMOSPHERE AND MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT ACTUAL Vyse IS VARIABLE BASED UPON DENSITY ALTITUDE AND AIRCRAFT WEIGHT

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION Instructional Considerations Vmc demonstration Vyse demonstration Simulated engine failure techniques Inoperative engine instrument indications: Manifold pressure RPM Precautionary shutdown and feather “Published” zero thrust “Critical” engine Drag demonstration (windmilling propeller) Engine inoperative landing Two engine inoperative glide

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION Instructional Considerations Vmc demonstration Vyse demonstration Simulated engine failure techniques Inoperative engine instrument indications: Manifold pressure RPM Precautionary shutdown and feather “Published” zero thrust “Critical” engine Drag demonstration (windmilling propeller) Engine inoperative landing Two engine inoperative glide Rejected landings and go-arounds

MULTIENGINE INSTRUCTION Multiengine instruction requires in-depth correlative knowledge of engine inoperative principles Apply this knowledge utilizing safe multiengine aircraft engine inoperative instructional procedures and techniques