必修 3

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

Listen to Part 1. THEORIES OF GRAVITY Michael Jones of the New Space Magazine is talking with space traveller Li Yanping about changes in the theory of gravity. LY = Dr Li Yanping MJ = Michael Jones

MJ: Hello, Dr Li Yanping. It’s so good of you to talk to me. Some _______ ask us why things always fall back to _____ if you throw them up in the air. Could you ________ it? LY: Well, at first people thought it was because the earth was the ______ of the universe. Of course that was ______. One day Isaac Newton watched an ____ Listen again and fill in the blanks. students earth explain centre wrong apple

fall to the ground. He said that something else must be ______ the apple back to earth. He called it “gravity”. MJ: I see. Did people _______ his idea? LY: They did. Later they worked out that bigger _______ (like the sun) have stronger gravity than _______ objects (like our planets). If you’re travelling in ____ space, you couldn't fall back to the earth. You’re just too far ______. pulling accept objects smaller deep away

Listen to Part 2.

MJ: Does it mean there’s no ______ in space? LY: No. In a spaceship you would feel the pull as it got ______ to such an object. You would travel faster and faster ________ it. MJ: Until you hit it? LY: Not exactly. You may _____ it very fast and then it would throw you out into space again. After that you would slow down to the _____ speed. Listen again and fill in the blanks. gravity closer towards pass usual

MJ: How do you know this? LY: In ____ Einstein said that in space large objects make space-time bend; the larger the object, the ______ space-time bends. So time goes ______ in very strong gravity. MJ: What about ______ holes? LY: That’s a place in space which has such a strong ______ that nothing can escape ____ its gravity. There is a kind of edge 1905 further slower black mass from

around this mass. If you cross over this edge, it’s _________ for you to get back. However if you don’t cross this edge, you can still ______. Stephen Hawking has done a lot of ________ into black holes. He has shown that they “spit” things out as _____ as “eat” them. impossible escape research well

Listen to Part 1. AN INTERVIEW WITH YANG LIWEI R = Mr Renault Y = Yang Liwei

R: Thank you so much, Mr Yang, for coming to talk to us today about your __________ in space. Y: Not at all. I’m _______ to be here. R: Please can you tell us your most _______ moment? Y: Well, that was when the spaceship began to ____ off the ground. Then I knew that I was really on my _____ and that China Listen again and fill in the blanks. experience happy exciting lift way

would become the _____ country to send people into space. R: Did you feel _______? Y: No, because I was _______ not to worry. So I watched all my instruments and stayed _____. R: What surprised you? Y: The _______ of space. I’d never realized how lovely the earth looks till I was going _______ it. third afraid trained calm beauty round

Listen to Part 2.

R: Did you always want to be an astronaut? Y: Well, I ________ of it when I was young, but I never thought my wish would come true. It all happened __________. First I got my _______ and then I trained for ____ years to fly airplanes and then to fly a _________. Listen again and fill in the blanks. dreamed gradually degree ten spaceship

R: I see. Did you have to be a _______ size and weight? Y: Yes. An astronaut has to be smaller than ___ cm and weigh less than ___ kg. R: So you were the perfect ______! But of course you had to work very hard. Would you like to go into space ______? certain choice again

Y: Yes, I would if there was an ___________. I’d love to go to the ______ one day. R: I hope we’ll be talking to you again after you’ve _______ that trip! Goodbye, Mr Yang. Thank you for _______ to us. Y: It was my pleasure. opportunity moon finished talking

Listen to the text. AN INTERVIEW WITH LI YANPING W = Wallis L = Li Yanping

W: Mr Li, would you please tell us about your space ______? L: Yes. I’d be happy to. We cleaned and ________ the Hubble telescope. W: Oh, and is that ______ you did your space walk? L: Yes. W: How did you ________ for it? Listen again and fill in the blanks. walk repaired when prepare

L: First we had to get into spacesuits. They’re very ______ and carry all the oxygen we need to ________. The suit also has hot and cold ______ so it can warm us if it’s too cold or cool us if it’s too _____. So it’s very heavy. W: Is it _________ to leave the spaceship? thick breathe water hot dangerous

L: Yes, indeed. When we ______, we go into a small room. We have to wear gravity _____ to walk there. We close the door behind us and then we open the door to ______. Then our gravity boots stop working and we fly ____ of the door. W: How do you ______ about in space? leave boots space out move

L: We use _______ engines to move around. To go left we push the right engine and to go right we ______ the left one. We move slowly because we don’t ______ anything. We can fly around like ________. W: What does it feel like in space? L: Very ________. There is no gravity so doing any job is very _______. small push weigh feathers strange tiring

W: What happens if you ____ too far from the spaceship? L: You’d never get back so we ____ ourselves to the spaceship with a special _____. W: How did you repair the Hubble telescope? L: We used some _______ tools tied round our waists. That way we didn’t ____ them. We did a good job. The telescope works ____ now. W: Thank you very much, Mr Li. fly tie rope special fine lose