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America’s Musical Landscape 5th edition PowerPoint by Brenda Leach Towson University Part 6 Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth-Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution © 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

© 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part 6: Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth- Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution2 Evolutionary Approach to New Music Composers drew upon already existing American subjects and tunes including jazz and popular music The Paris scene attracted young composers in the 1920s and 1930s Nadia Boulanger – brilliant teacher, organist and composer

© 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part 6: Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth- Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution3 Aaron Copland ( ) A New York composer and the first American to study with Nadia Boulanger Found inspiration in jazz, cowboy songs, American hymns, and Mexican folk and popular music Depression years – Copland worked with Roger Sessions to develop American music Important works: Lincoln Portrait Fanfare for the Common Man

© 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part 6: Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth- Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution4 Copland’s Music for Dance Classical Ballet – a formal, stylized dance Modern Dance – Copland’s ballets are an example of modern dance Rodeo (1942) – Copland’s famous ballet commissioned by choreographer, Agnes de Mille; inspired by American country music and dance

© 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part 6: Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth- Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution5 Samuel Barber ( ) A neo-romantic composer (new romantic) Attracted to song Adagio for Strings (1936) One of his most famous works Linked to a poem of Virgil from the Georgics

© 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part 6: Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth- Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution6 Harlem Renaissance Movement of the 1920s African American artists sought to “promote racial advancement through artistic creativity.” Treated as a literary movement, but was supported by visual art and music Musicians involved included Duke Ellington and “Fats Waller” Musicians developed concert music from folk materials of the black cultural heritage

© 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Part 6: Tradition and Innovation in Concert Music Chapter 22: Early Twentieth- Century Mainstream Concert Music: Evolution7 William Grant Still ( ) First black composer to have a symphony played by a major orchestra Composed ballets, songs, opera, choral pieces and film scores His purpose was to “elevate Negro musical idioms to a position of dignity and effectiveness in the field of symphonic and operatic music”