1 Combustion Efficiency Test

2 Principles 1.Composition of flue gases 2.Flue gas smoke concentration 3.Temp of flue gas 4.Draft produced 5.Excess combustion air A. Carbon dioxide decreases B. Oxygen increases 1.Composition of flue gases 2.Flue gas smoke concentration 3.Temp of flue gas 4.Draft produced 5.Excess combustion air A. Carbon dioxide decreases B. Oxygen increases

3 Testing will Consist of 1.Draft in the chimney and over the fire 2.The amount of smoke being produced 3.The amount of CO2 to verify efficiency 4.The highest temp of the flue gases going up the chimney 1.Draft in the chimney and over the fire 2.The amount of smoke being produced 3.The amount of CO2 to verify efficiency 4.The highest temp of the flue gases going up the chimney

4 High Efficiency is Obtained By 1.Low Smoke 2.Low Excess air A. High CO2 B. Low O2 1.Low Smoke 2.Low Excess air A. High CO2 B. Low O2

5 Test Instruments 1.CO2 Analyzer 2.Smoke spot tester 3.Draft gauge 4.Stack Thermometer 5.Pressure gauge 6.Vacuum gauge 1.CO2 Analyzer 2.Smoke spot tester 3.Draft gauge 4.Stack Thermometer 5.Pressure gauge 6.Vacuum gauge

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8 Test Locations 1.Draft test is taken at breach, and over the fire A. Must be taken in the breach before the draft regulator B. In Fire Chamber C. Hole size ¼” or 5/16” 2.Smoke is take at the breach hole only 3.CO2 is take at the same hole 4.Temperature is taken at the breach only 1.Draft test is taken at breach, and over the fire A. Must be taken in the breach before the draft regulator B. In Fire Chamber C. Hole size ¼” or 5/16” 2.Smoke is take at the breach hole only 3.CO2 is take at the same hole 4.Temperature is taken at the breach only

9 Performance Efficiency Test 1.Test in the following order A. Stack temp (wait for temp to level off) B. Draft C. Smoke D. CO2 1.Test in the following order A. Stack temp (wait for temp to level off) B. Draft C. Smoke D. CO2

10 Stack Temperature 1.Insert Thermometer into breach hole 2.When the temp stops rising record the temp 3.This is the Gross temp A. Deduct the room temp from gross temp and get the net temp and round off to the nearest 50 degrees Note: Do not take the temp over the fire!!! 1.Insert Thermometer into breach hole 2.When the temp stops rising record the temp 3.This is the Gross temp A. Deduct the room temp from gross temp and get the net temp and round off to the nearest 50 degrees Note: Do not take the temp over the fire!!!

11 Draft Test 1.Temp has stopped rising 2.Zero the draft gauge and set it on a level surface 3.Insert into breach hole between the unit and the draft regulator A. Record the draft reading B. Looking for Temp has stopped rising 2.Zero the draft gauge and set it on a level surface 3.Insert into breach hole between the unit and the draft regulator A. Record the draft reading B. Looking for

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13 4.Remove the test tube from breach A. Tube will be hot B. Insert into burner chamber and record draft C. Looking for If over fire draft is high 6.Adjustment is made with the draft regulator A. Damper should open more 4.Remove the test tube from breach A. Tube will be hot B. Insert into burner chamber and record draft C. Looking for If over fire draft is high 6.Adjustment is made with the draft regulator A. Damper should open more

14 7.Between breach and over fire (.02 Differential) 8.Common problems A. I.D of chimney too small B. Chimney too small C. Air leak in chimney breach D. Stack too small 7.Between breach and over fire (.02 Differential) 8.Common problems A. I.D of chimney too small B. Chimney too small C. Air leak in chimney breach D. Stack too small

15 Smoke Measurement 1.Burner adjusted to trace or 1 smoke A. Smoke equals soot 2.Smoke tester A. Works like a hand held pump 3.Take sample from stack hole A. Sample drawn through filter paper B. Results are compared to a chart 1.Burner adjusted to trace or 1 smoke A. Smoke equals soot 2.Smoke tester A. Works like a hand held pump 3.Take sample from stack hole A. Sample drawn through filter paper B. Results are compared to a chart

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17 4.Adjustment is made with burner air adjustment 5.Sometimes it will smoke if there is too much air A. If there is too much air the test paper will be yellow B. The oil isn't completely burned and shows up on the paper 6.During the smoke test take 10 pumps only 4.Adjustment is made with burner air adjustment 5.Sometimes it will smoke if there is too much air A. If there is too much air the test paper will be yellow B. The oil isn't completely burned and shows up on the paper 6.During the smoke test take 10 pumps only

18 7.Causes of smoke A. Insufficient combustion air i. Air shutter band out of adjustment ii. Dirty fan inlet iii. Motor running backwards iv. Lack of ventilation 7.Causes of smoke A. Insufficient combustion air i. Air shutter band out of adjustment ii. Dirty fan inlet iii. Motor running backwards iv. Lack of ventilation

19 CO2 Test 1.Zero instrument A. Insert into stack hole B. Place rubber cap on top C. Squeeze bulb i. Number of times depends on manufacturer ii. Bacharach is 18 or more times D. Invert tester twice E. Take reading i. Looking for 10 – 12.5 % 1.Zero instrument A. Insert into stack hole B. Place rubber cap on top C. Squeeze bulb i. Number of times depends on manufacturer ii. Bacharach is 18 or more times D. Invert tester twice E. Take reading i. Looking for 10 – 12.5 %

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21 2.High CO2 A. Causes poor air and oil mix i. Dirty or worn nozzle ii. Nozzle not centered or adjusted iii. Electrodes in the oil spray iv. Fuel unit: Low pressure or excessive pressure B. Unit overfired C. Bad Chamber D. Poor oil 2.High CO2 A. Causes poor air and oil mix i. Dirty or worn nozzle ii. Nozzle not centered or adjusted iii. Electrodes in the oil spray iv. Fuel unit: Low pressure or excessive pressure B. Unit overfired C. Bad Chamber D. Poor oil

22 3.Low CO2 A. Causes i. High Draft ii. Excess air iii. Incorrect nozzle iv. Air leaks v. Bad chamber 3.Low CO2 A. Causes i. High Draft ii. Excess air iii. Incorrect nozzle iv. Air leaks v. Bad chamber

23 Stack Thermometer 1.Insert in stack immediately A. Before starting readings 2.Gauge will enable A. Proper Determination i. When to start other readings ii. Additional guide for efficiency 1.Insert in stack immediately A. Before starting readings 2.Gauge will enable A. Proper Determination i. When to start other readings ii. Additional guide for efficiency

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