Atomic Structure SOL 6.4.

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic Structure SOL 6.4

Parts of an Atom Protons Neutrons Electron

Protons Have a positive (+) charge Are located in the nucleus Give an atom its identity Are equal to the atomic number

Lithium has an atomic number 3. Therefore, Lithium has 3 protons. Another way of phrasing this fact is, any atom with the atomic number 3 MUST be Lithium.

Neutrons Have NO charge- they are neutral Are located in the nucleus Remember the ‘NEWS’ about atoms-Neutral neutrons are located in the nucleus!

The mass number of an atom is calculated by adding protons + neutrons The mass number of an atom is calculated by adding protons + neutrons. Atomic mass is an average of the masses of all the atoms of that element. The atom to the left has 3 protons and 3 neutrons. 3 + 3 = 6 The mass number of this atom is 6.

Isotopes are the SAME element, but have different numbers of NEUTRONS and therefore different mass numbers.

Electrons Are the smallest, lightest particle Are located outside the nucleus in the elctron cloud Have a negative charge Are equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom “I don’t care”

Models of the Atom Bohr model Electron cloud model

What is the atomic number? Let’s Practice! What is the atomic number? What is the mass? How many protons? How many neutrons? How many electrons? 9 17

Element An element is the simplest form of matter. It is made up of only ONE type of atom. An element ALWAYS has the same number of protons and same atomic number. However, it may have different numbers of neutrons and different masses (isotopes). Elements are represented by chemical symbols. Chemical symbols are ALWAYS Capitalized (one letter) or Capital lower case (two letters).