Integrated census microdata: a valuable, virgin source for statistical analysis of internal and international migration See handouts: 1. Card for list of samples and usage statistics 2. Pamphlet for list of participating statistical offices and tips for using integrated microdata and metadata Robert McCaa, 1

Buenos Aires beats the Big Apple (NYC) --and the mini-Apple too (Minneapolis)! 2 Traffic to the IPUMS-International website Google Analytics, Aug 1 – Sep 15, 2013

A.Introduction:  IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated samples  How IPUMSI adds value to microdata B. Migration analysis using integrated microdata  Published examples: many countries, one  Topics of migration analysis C. How integration works  Integrated variables names and codes  Integrated metadata: comparability and codes D. Invitations:  NSOs: participate in IPUMSI  Researchers: download and analyze samples Outline of presentation

IPUMS-International dark green = anonymized, harmonized and disseminating 74 countries, 238 samples, 540 millon person records medium green = integrating (25 countries, 75 censuses, 100 mill.) light green = negotiating Mollweide projection IPUMS-International:

238 samples, 74 countries, 540 million person records (2014: ~260 samples, 80 countries—thank you UkrSTAT!) AfricaAmericasAsiaEurope Burkina Faso2Argentina5Armenia1Austria4 Cameroon3Bolivia3Bangladesh3Belarus1 Egypt2Brazil6Cambodia2France7 Ghana1Canada4China2Germany4 Guinea2Chile5Fiji5Greece4 Kenya5Colombia5India5Hungary4 Malawi3Costa Rica4Indonesia9Ireland8 Mali2Cuba 20021Iran1Italy1 Moroco3Ecuador6Iraq1Netherlands3 Rwanda2El Salvador2Israel3Portugal3 Senegal2Haiti3Jordan1Romania3 Sierra Leone1Jamaica3Kyrgyz Republic2Slovenia1 South Africa3Mexico7Malaysia4Spain3 South Sudan1Nicaragua3Mongolia2Switzerland4 Sudan1Panama6Nepal1Turkey3 Tanzania2Peru2Pakistan3United Kingdom2 Uganda2Puerto Rico5Palestine2 Saint Lucia2Philippines3 United States7Thailand4 Uruguay5Vietnam3 Venezuela4 5 More countries and samples added yearly

Trusted researcher MPC NSI 100+ NSI 1 …. MPC integrates metadata and confidentializes microdata samples IPUMS- International IPUMS-International manages access and entrusts researchers with custom- tailored, SAS, STATA, and SPSS metadata and microdata extracts for any combination of countries, censuses, sub-populations, and variables Trusted researcher …. IPUMS-International microdata extract system Trusted researcher downloads customized extracts NSI entrusts census metadata and anonymized microdata to MPC 6

1. Conditions of access to census microdata are the same for all countries and users (registration required, free of cost). 2. Statistical confidentiality and security – disclosure controls, access restricted to researchers 3. Integration/harmonization – census microdata and metadata  E.g.: migration since birth, last 1/5/10 years, previous residence 4. Dissemination – custom tailored extracts: country(ies), census(es), sub-populations, variables, sample density, metadata – all are customizable by the researcher 5. Sharing -  Microdata with national statistical office partners  Research results with other researchers, NSOs, etc. How IPUMS-International adds value to census microdata 7

A.Introduction:  IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated samples  How IPUMSI adds value to microdata B. Migration analysis using integrated microdata  Published examples: many countries, one  Topics of migration analysis C. How integration works  Integrated variables names and codes  Integrated metadata: comparability and codes D. Invitations:  NSOs: participate in IPUMSI  Researchers: download and analyze samples Outline of presentation

Docquier, Defoort and Beine. World Development, April 2011:523–532 Applied research example: Brain drain may lead to brain gain 9

“Urban Services and Child Migration to the Slums of Nairobi” World Development. Volume 40, Issue 9, September 2012, Pages 1854–1869 Caroline S. Archambault. Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Joost de Laat. World Bank, Washington, USA Eliya Msiyaphazi Zulu. African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP). Policy finding: Migrants have lots of young children needing services 10

 Internal migration 41International migration 56  Single country 44Global/Developing/OECD38  Topics:  Brain drain 5  Human capital 22  Stocks and flows 21  Example citations:  Docquier, Frédéric, Çaglar Özden, Christopher Parsons, Erhan Artuc “A Global Assessment of Human Capital Mobility: the Role of non-OECD Destinations.”  Sander, Nikola, Jana Vobecka “A Cross-National Comparison of the Spatial Structure of Internal Migration by Level of Educational Attainment.” IPUMS-International registered citations, Total = 600+ “Migration” = 97 11

International and internal migration Lifetime migration – birthplace Migration during past 1, 5 or 10 years Period migration – previous residence Return migration – birthplace and previous residence Comparison of migrants to non-migrants in receiving area demography, occupation, education, housing, assets demography, occupation, education, housing, assets Comparison of migrants to non-migrants from sending area Migrant living arrangements – family structure Migrant access to services – electricity, plumbing Second generation – native-born children of migrants Intermarriage native and non-native Contextual effects – e.g., local migrant concentration Topics of Migration Research 12

Outline of presentation A.Introduction:  IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated samples  How IPUMSI adds value to microdata B. Migration analysis using integrated microdata  Published examples: many countries, one  Topics of migration analysis C. How integration works  Integrated variables names and codes  Integrated metadata: comparability and codes D. Invitations:  NSOs: participate in IPUMSI  Researchers: download and analyze samples

VariableNo. VariableNo. Internal migration Internal migration Place of residence 1/5/10 years ago113 Place of previous residence 67 Years residing in current locality 71 Reason for migration 22 Major administrative division of birth145 International migration International migration Country of residence 1/5 years ago 55 Country of previous residence 41 Nativity175 Country of birth130 Citizenship status111 Country of Citizenship 76 Year of immigration 46 Integrated migration variables (IPUMS-International) 14

14 Integrated migration variables for 16 selected countries 15

16 Example of integrated variable: Nativity Comparability (click tabs for other metadata) See:

17 Example of integrated variable: Nativity Codes (case-count view aids in constructing extracts)

Outline of presentation A.Introduction:  IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated samples  How IPUMSI adds value to microdata B. Migration analysis using integrated microdata  Published examples: many countries, one  Topics of migration analysis C. How integration works  Integrated variables names and codes  Integrated metadata: comparability and codes D. Invitations to:  NSOs: participate in IPUMSI  Researchers: download and analyze microdata

» Invitation to participate » Uniform Memorandum of Understanding for each partner » IPUMSI does the integration work—both microdata and metadata » IPUMSI is responsible for dissemination approvals and monitoring » Benefits » Use census microdata for policy planning and scientific research » Plan with dependable, meaningful data to improve the common good » Promote the census as a national, scientific enterprise above politics, region, religion or sectarianism » Build statistical capacity for technical staff » Swell national pride » Blame IPUMSI when something bad happens » Researchers: register and download the data as needs require Conclusion: Invitation to participate help make census microdata universal 19

The end. Thank you A.Introduction:  IPUMSI 100 partners and 238 integrated samples  How IPUMSI adds value to microdata B. Migration analysis using integrated microdata  Published examples: many countries, one  Topics of migration analysis C. How integration works  Integrated variables names and codes  Integrated metadata: comparability and codes D. Invitations:  NSOs: participate in IPUMSI  Researchers: download and analyze samples