Simulation and Velomobiles The 2005 Great Midwestern Velomobile and HPV Festival Eastern Iowa Environmental Innovators Organization (EIEIO) Nickolas Hein 11 June 2005

Outline Fundamental Equations Terrain modeling Results Using the results Bike design Coaching/Training Possibilities - Current Possibilities - Future

Fundamental Equation Acceleration Equation for Human Power a = F/m = [(P/W) -  V 2 ) ]*Wg V (W/C d A) V = Vprev +  a*  t X = Xprev +  V*  t Power Rolling Fric. Slope Wind Resistance

 Constant Slope:   Sine-wave Hill  =  max  * sin (2  * x / l hill ) or   = * sin (2x *  max / h max  ) where:  max = Max hill slope  l hill = Hill length.  h max = Maximum hill height 3) Table Lookup from recorded data GPS recording via waypoints GIS data from databases (Mapquest) Manual/auto recording Terrain Modeling Three Methods

Results – Time History

Results - Phase Plot of Speed/Height

Results - Phase Plot of Speed/Accel

Using the Results - Bike Design How much can energy storage help? What is the tradeoff between weight and drag. What are the range of speeds/accels expected How does streamlining affect trip times? What is the effect of power input/timing? Does size (of hills) matter?

Using the Results – Coaching/Training Where do you get the most benefit from putting effort in? What is the effect of stopping partway up/down a hill? How much energy does turning require? Other?

Possibilities – Available & Underutilized Graphic Excel Spreadsheet Common engineering tools (esp. Simulink) Hacking flight simulations (esp. X-Plane) Hacking automotive simulations Combinations

Possibilities – Available Now

Possibilities - Future Custom-coded simulation using public-domain physics engine (TOKAMAK), user interface (Eclipse) and visual system (VRML). Cockpit hardware for rider training, design development, various studies Open source development centrally archived (Sourceforge) Similar projects are underway for aircraft (Flightgear) and spacecraft (Orbiter, Celestia). Does anyone know of something for road vehicles?

Possibilities – Future

Proposal Objective: Make it possible for developers to collaborate on simulation development Approach: Convene technical committee meeting to: –Survey the current technology –Identify simulation needs among riders, mfgs. –Publish standards for interfaces, methods, data formats –Identify emerging technologies and enable their use –Publish a newsletter to disseminate info and progress reports.

Conclusion Technical Committee Meeting –Time?Place? That concludes this presentation. Questions?

Links 1) flight simwww.x-plane.comwww.x-plane.org 2) – open source auto sim (links to other similar sims) 3) 4) - Flight simulator cockpit buildinghttp:// 5) imulink_Key_Features/SL_R14_Key_Features.html Block diagram modelinghttp:// imulink_Key_Features/SL_R14_Key_Features.html 6) Global terrain and satellite photo viewerhttp://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/ 7) Suggestions?

From CycleVision 2005