1 Integrating security in a quality aware multimedia delivery platform Paul Koster 21 november 2001

2 Contents  Introduction  Research question  Technology overview  Design  Demonstrator  Evaluation  Conclusions & recommendations  Questions

3 Internet Introduction  Trends in multimedia delivery ­ Increase in available multimedia content on the Internet: multimedia streaming ­ Commercial multimedia services ­ Quality cannot be guaranteed on the Internet: best-effort service ­ Increasing interest in security ▬► Quality of Service ? ?  Context ­ QuAM (Quality Aware Middleware)  Assignment ­ Integrate security

4 Research question  How can security be integrated in a quality aware multimedia delivery platform that supports performance guarantees? ­ What types of security? ­ How to extend QuAM?

5 Technology overview (1/4)- Quality of service  best-effort ­ quality cannot be guaranteed for overloaded network  performance QoS ­ bandwidth reservation guarantees quality ­ security QoS QoS is the run-time non-functional characteristics of a distributed system  QoS mechanisms realize performance and security aspects

6 Technology overview (2/4) - Performance  Performance QoS aspects: ­ Bandwidth ­ Latency ­ Jitter  QoS mechanism: RSVP ­ Admission control ­ Claim of resources reservation no reservation

7 Technology overview (3/4) - Security  Security types ­ Confidentiality ­ Integrity ­ Authenticity ­ Authorization ­ Visibility (anonimity) ­ Availability  Secure network protocol needed ­ Proprietary protocols ­ IPsec Currently mainly used for VPNs (static configuration) But we need dynamic created secure links, because # Changing relationships # Control of resources

8 Technology overview (4/4) - Security & performance interactions  Security and performance conflict: ­ RSVP cannot reserve bandwidth for IPsec flows ­ Encryption costs computing capacity  However, solutions exist: ­ RSVP support for IPsec data flows ­ Resource management IPsec + reservation no reservation

9 Design (1/2) - Layers QoS support for multimedia delivery MM Applications Middleware Network & hosts Object RSVP IPsec QuAM

10 Client Design (2/2) - QuAM Architecture Media Consumer Media Producer Server Coordinator IPsecRSVP RSVP IPsec + RSVP support for IPsec data flows Resource agent

11 Demonstrator  The demonstrator is an example application created on top of the implementation.  The middleware is able to setup a secure path with resource reservations.  The user can select his quality of service without being aware of the underlying technologies.  Routers have been extended to support the combination of IPsec and RSVP.

12 Evaluation (1/3)  Requirements ­ Confidentiality and integrity protection with authentication have to be supported for the multimedia data on the network. ­ Performance (bandwidth) guarantees have to be supported. ­ Performance enforcement may not be affected by security.  Evaluation ­ Performance Network # RSVP Server CPU load # Admission function ­ Security analysis CC (Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation)

13 Evaluation (2/3) - Performance  First step to model CPU usage ­ CPU load is propertional to bandwidth requirements ­ Different encryption algorithms have different requirements ­ Admission function ∑ bw type ·c type ≤ Cap

14 Evaluation (3/3) - Security Client Router QuAM server running e.g.: middleware / webserver MM Server MM data (e.g. RTP protocol) 2MM control (e.g. RTSP) 3MM delivery quality feedback (e.g. RTCP) 4Resource reservation protocol (e.g. RSVP) 5Middleware communication (e.g. CORBA)  CC: Protection Profile ­ TOE (Target of Evaluation) ­ Assumptions ­ Threats ­ Objectives

15 Conclusions  Some security types can be succesfully offered to applications.  Low-level mechanisms are required to enforce QoS. These may interact however. The design and implementation take this into account.  Achievements ­ Implementation of RFC 2247 (RSVP support for IPsec data flows) ­ Reported and fixed various bugs for the RSVP daemon and the FreeBSD IPsec implementation.

16 Recommendations  Use of open standards and protocols  Security analysis: towards overall security  Support for authentication, authorization and billing  Resource modelling

17 Questions