Imperialism Chapter 5, section 1

Imperialism Defined: The economic and political domination of a strong nation over other weaker nations

Imperialism In the 1800s, European nations were very aggressive Expanded control of nations all around the globe Best example:

Imperialism Factors: 1. Economic 2. Nationalism 3. Militaristic 4. Humanitarian reasons

Imperialism 1. Economic Countries had become industrialized, factories needed raw materials, resources Needed new overseas markets Example:

Imperialism 2. Nationalism Defined: Extreme patriotism Nations gobbled up land to prevent their rival nations from gaining complete control in some regions Example:

Imperialism 3. Militaristic Some regions were taken over to provide defense, to protect their investments Example:

Imperialism 4. Humanitarian reasons Social Darwinism widely accepted Many felt it was their “Christian duty” to help other races “The White Man’s Burden”

Imperial Control European nations began exerting control over those territories Some areas became colonies Many others became protectorates

U.S. Imperialism Until the late 1800s, the U.S. had always been able to expand westward “Manifest destiny” Americans felt to keep the economy strong, they needed to expand its overseas markets

U.S. Imperialism The U.S. will look westward when beginning to look for new markets overseas Began extensive trade with China in the mid 1800s

Japan Many American business leaders wanted to open up trade with Japan Beginning in 1638, Japan cut off trade with foreign nations fearing their culture was being threatened

Japan In 1853, President Franklin Pierce will use force to open trade with Japan

Japan Matthew C. Perry ordered to take a naval expedition to Japan to negotiate a trade treaty

Japan The Japanese realized they were lacking in technology Japan signed a trade agreement with the U.S. the following year

Japan Japan began to Westernize their nation after U.S. forced trade Reshaped their history By 1890, Japan will become a powerful nation in Asia

Hawaii Became an important trade partner in the 1800s

Hawaii 1875—U.S. exempted Hawaii sugar from tariffs 1887—U.S. renewed treaty, along with right to build naval base at Pearl Harbor

Hawaii American influence in Hawaii grew Many Americans owned plantations on the islands Became a major exporter of sugarcane and pineapples

Hawaii Queen Liliuokalani took the throne in 1891 and tried to take back power that was lost to American plantation owners

Hawaii American plantation owners, led by Sanford B. Dole, with support from the marines overthrew the queen

Hawaii Sanford B. Dole will be the first president of Hawaii

Hawaii They asked to be annexed by the U.S. President Cleveland would not accept annexation, thought it was wrong Hawaii was annexed in 1898

Latin America In the 1800s, the U.S. wanted to increase its influence in Latin America

Latin America Latin Americans bought most of their goods from Europe U.S. wanted to be the dominant power in the region

Latin America Sec. of State James G. Blaine proposed idea of Pan-Americanism, which called for economic and political cooperation between the U.S. and Latin American countries L.A. nations rejected the idea

Latin America L.A. nations did agree to create the Organization of American States (OAS) OAS has worked to promote cooperation among the nations in L.A.

U.S. Navy Americans were willing to risk war to defend American interests overseas Led to support for a large modern navy

U.S. Navy Alfred T. Mahan, Captain in the U.S. Navy, published The Influence of Seapower Upon History, 1660-1783 Stated all strong nations had strong navies, U.S. needed new territories for naval bases Persuaded many gov’t officials to support increasing naval strength

U.S. Navy By 1900, the U.S. will have one of the largest navies in the world