W11/30/11; F11/19/10; M11/24/08; Tu12/4/07; F12/1/06; M12/5/05 Compromise of 1850 (Ch. 14.1 & 13.3; pp. 373-384) W11/30/11; F11/19/10; M11/24/08; Tu12/4/07;

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Presentation transcript:

W11/30/11; F11/19/10; M11/24/08; Tu12/4/07; F12/1/06; M12/5/05 Compromise of 1850 (Ch & 13.3; pp ) W11/30/11; F11/19/10; M11/24/08; Tu12/4/07; F12/1/06; M12/5/05 Compromise of 1850 (Ch & 13.3; pp )

I. Roots of Compromise A. Impact of Mexican War  Colossus of North – (Mex. View)  well-trained army  good military leadership  sectional split  slavery in west

B. Wilmot Proviso  David Wilmot (Dem-PA)  before Mex. War  no slavery in new territory  H.O.R. – passes - Why? – more reps in N.  Senate – No! - Why? – equal rep.  Even # of states – N/S

C. Election of 1848  Taylor – Whig – LA - Slavery – no stance [owned slaves]  Lewis Cass – Dem – MI - “squatter sov.” (later popular sov.)  Free Soilers – no good candidates in W/D  Van Buren – Free Soil – NY - 10% of votes - Liberty Party, Free Soil, abolitionists, Conscience Whigs, N. Dems

D. Gold Rush  1848 – gold! [gold discovered – Jan. 1848]  get-rich-quick  massive migration  100K people by 1850  ‘49ers – [first big year of emigration]  lawlessness – need for law & order  apply as free state  now a national issue

II. Compromise of 1850 A.Regional Differences 1. South – John Calhoun (SC) - opposed – no balance in Senate 2. West – Henry Clay (KY) - supports – Union - Great Compromiser 3. North – Daniel Webster (MA) - supports – Union  last time on national scene for old time politicians

B. Elements of Compromise North: CA free state TX border to NM territory No slave trade in DC [still allowed slavery] South: FSL – stricter UT, NM – pop. sov. TX - $10M comp. for lost land

C. Response  Stephen Douglas (D-IL) - new hero - “Little Giant”  push to extremism - S: “fire eaters” – secession? - Nashville Convention - N: abolitionists – Seward (NY)

III. Fugitive Slave Law – 1850 III. Fugitive Slave Law – 1850  stricter law  updates 1790 FSL  escaped slaves returned  punishment for helping  U.S. Marshals (federal help)  Anthony Burns – Boston riots

IV. Personal Liberty Laws  response to FSL  state laws  to protect runaway slaves  federal-state debate – who wants stronger federal laws? – Why? - interesting switch – N/S  Underground RR continues – very dangerous

Looking Forward  How can U.S. avoid future sectional problems?  Avoid slavery issue  Next Big Issues: 1. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 2. Kansas-Nebraska Act  Oops!