Effects of microbial symbionts on aboveground plant-insect interactions in Plantago lanceolata Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Arjen Biere.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Mutualisms - Chap. 15 I. Terms and concepts A. Symbiosis vs. Mutualism

Advertisements

Coevolution & Mutualism 1.Coevolution 2.Host-parasite systems 3.Coevolution among competitors 4.Character displacement 5.Mutualisms & symbioses.

Richard Karban John Dryburgh. ‘Personal’ History B.S. at Haverford College, PA Ph.D. at University of Pennsylvania Currently at UCDavis Co-wrote “How.

CHAPTER 39 PLANT RESPONSES TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SIGNALS Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section E: Plant.

Allelopathy Development of crop plants genetically engineered to be allelopathic to weeds Phototoxicity UV-A ( nm)

Ecological Effects of Leaf Mining Plant Performance and Trophic Dynamics Diane Wagner LTER Symposium February 2014.

11 Mutualism Chapter Introduction Mutualism: Interactions between individuals of different species that benefit both partners. – Facultative Mutualism.

Mutualism Chapter 15.

11 Mutualism Chapter Introduction _______________: Interactions between individuals of different species that benefit both partners. – ___________________.

Ecological Effects of Leaf Mining Plant Performance and Trophic Dynamics Diane Wagner LTER Symposium February 2014.

Phytochrome: regulation of

3)What makes a species invasive? d) Escape from biotic constraints hypothesis aka“Escape from enemy” hypothesis “Enemy release” hypothesis Basic concepts:

Biological Control Principles. Natural Control Biological Control Definition “The use of living organisms to suppress the population of a specific pest.

Symbiotic associations I. Symbiosis A. Definition B. Types of symbiosis 1. commensalism 2. mutualism 3. competition 4. predation and parasitism II. Mycorrhiza.

The many and changing ideas to explain existence and the chemical diversity of Natural Products Is it all the result of co-evolution?

Autoecological research on pests and natural enemies.

Induced Systemic Resistance

Plant-herbivore interactions “an inordinate fondness for beetles” -Haldane.

Soil Microbial activity and nitrogen. Physical elements {TILTH} Physical elements {TILTH} – e.g. sand, silt, clay, organic material and aggregates (SOIL.

Inoculation of tomato plants with rhizobacteria enhances the performance of the phloem-feeding insect Bemisia tabaci Roee Shavit1,2, Maya Ofek-Lalzar3,

Chapter 28 Opener. Figure 28.1 Pathogens Induce Plant Resistance.

Using diazotrophic rhizobacteria and bacterial antagonists in salt stress environments for enhancing adaptation, resistance of basic agricultural cultures.

Rabea Schweiger 1,2, Anna-Maria Heise 1, Marcus Persicke 2, Caroline Müller 1,2 1 Department of Chemical Ecology, 1,2 Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec),

Lesion size (mm) Control * Exposed leaves Exposed leaves Control Lesion size (mm) a abc ab abc ab a a a a a a a a a d a a a cd a a a bcd abc d a.

Interactions Within Communities December 1, 2010 Text p

Evolutionary changes in invasive plants: A competition test between invasive and native Jacobaea vulgaris under a specialist or a generalist herbivore.

TOBY BRUCE THE CALL OF THE WILD - tracking an indirect defence trait in maize TOBY BRUCE Rothamsted Research, UK.

Plant Defense Responses Elisa Russo & Ben Strozyk 2011.

Plant Immunology.

PROJECT SUMMARY This study will determine the relationship between roadside car pollution, and a tomato crop’s natural defenses against a predator. Although.

Is the response of insect herbivores to elevated CO 2 and temperature universally predictable for different host tree species? Andrew Gherlenda Dr. Tony.

Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) ROXINA SOLER PLANT-MEDIATED INTERACTIONS BETWEEN INSECTS ACROSS ABOVE- BELOWGROUND DOMAINS: ecology, mechanisms.

Effect of genotype and environment on the abundance of a specialist aphid in Solidago altissima Brian Bonville and Ray S. Williams Appalachian State University.

Mutualism Chapter 12.

INTRODUCTION Therefore, AM association in crop plants plays significant role in enhancing nutrient mobilization towards root. EndPreviousNext Root – fungus.

Chapter 40 Plant defense responses. What are the different physical defenses used by plants? Viruses, bacteria, fungi can tap into the nutrient resources.

Sublethal Effect of Plant Lower Nitrogen Level on Development and Feeding Preference of the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Yigen.

Role of Arabidopsis bHLH transcription factors MYC2, MYC3 and MYC4 in defense against herbivory

The hierarchical nature and processes of different levels of ecological systems:

The missing half Can we predict how climate change will affect belowground insect-plant interactions?

ABSTRACT Species in natural communities are linked together by the transfer of energy and nutrients. We investigated the effects of top predators on nutrient.

Plant Volatiles – Chemical Defense Mechanisms Symbiotic, antibiotic, and defense relationships Acacias – sugar composition adjusted to desired ant species.

Mulching and Soil Biology What’s Going On? Rex A. Bastian The Davey Tree Expert Company The Care of Trees 2371 South Foster Wheeling, IL

Our ecological ‘footprint’… 1). The hierarchical nature and processes of different levels of ecological systems:

Fall 2009 IB Workshop Series sponsored by IB academic advisors Student Conservation Association Wednesday, Oct. 7 5:00-7:00pm 136 Burrill The Student Conservation.

INTRODUCTION Root – fungus association is called Mycorrhiza. There are two types of Mycorrhizal fungal association viz. Ectomycorrhiza and Endomycorrhiza.

© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. AP Environmental Science Mr. Grant Lesson 30 Species Interactions.

Please Do Now: If you were a plant, what do you think you would do to defend yourself against animals that want to eat you? (Remember, you can’t move)

11 Mutualism Chapter Introduction ______________: Interactions between individuals of different species that benefit both partners. – _____________________.

By Irda Safni Induced Plant Resistance to Bacteria.

Tritrophic Relationships Rebecca Martin Chemically Mediated.

Terpene production in Solidago altissima in response to aphid herbivory José Garrido and Ray S Williams Appalachian State University

Context-dependency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant–insect interactions in an agroecosystem Speaker ： KUAN-YU SU Date ： 03/11/2014.

Herbivore exploits orally secreted bacteria to suppress plant defenses Seung Ho Chunga, Cristina Rosaa, Erin D. Scullyb, Michelle Peiffera, John F. Tookera,

Plant Immunology Lecture 1.

Species Interactions Ch 17 Herbivory

The developmental stages of leaf beetle Agelastica coerulea

R. Kelly1, P. E. Linton2*, W.R. Eason1, J.E Hooker2*. K.J Webb1

Fungal and Bacterial Dynamics in the Lettuce Rhizosphere Responding to Successive Additions of Cd and Zn. A. M. I. D. Amarakoon * and R. M. C. P. Rajapaksha.

James Santangelo and Peter Kotanen Department of Biology

Summer School Pathogens, Parasites and their Hosts

Coevolution Types of Interactions A. Overview: B. Competition:

50 TO 60 PERCENT OF INSECTS ARE HERBIVORES

Lili Wei Institute of Urban Environment,

Volume 7, Issue 11, Pages (November 2014)

Growing Research Networks on Mycorrhizae for Mutual Benefits

Influence of VAM for sustainable agriculture

Schematic representation indicating an increase of volatile compounds released by plants in response to insect feeding triggered by an interaction of elicitors.

Specialist versus generalist insect herbivores and plant defense

Presentation transcript:

Effects of microbial symbionts on aboveground plant-insect interactions in Plantago lanceolata Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Arjen Biere Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) Wageningen

Microbial mediation of Plant-Insect interactions Microbe Barbosa, Krischick & Jones (1991) Biere & Bennett (2013) Funct Ecol Endosymbionts Resource exploitation Insect Plant Mycorrhiza PGPR / PGPF Rhizobia Endophytes Resource quality Arbuscules Mycorrhizae trade N/P for C

Pozo & Azcon-Aguilar (2007) COPB Jung & Pozo (2012) J Chem Ecol Parasitoids Priming of JA- signaled defense Repression of SA- signaled defense Mycorrhizae affect defense against aboveground insects Necrotrophic fungi Generalist chewing insects Bacterial pathogens Galling insects - Mycorrhiza- Induced Resistance Soil-borne pathogens Root-feeding insects Parasitic nematodes - Mycorrhiza- Induced Susceptibility Biotrophic fungi, viruses Specialist chewing insects Phloem-feeding insects +

Do mycorrhizal effects on herbivore growth vary with plant genotype & (nutrient, P) environment ? Insect Mycorrhiza Mycorrhizal effects on aboveground herbivores Plant size, Leaf C/N Induction/priming of plant secondary metabolites Plant VOCs Spodoptera exigua Funneliformis mosseae Plantago lanceolata How do mycorrhizae alter leaf C/N & secondary metabolites ? How does that affect herbivore growth ? O HOH 2 C Gluc OH aucubin O HOH 2 C Gluc OH catalpol Iridoid glycosides (IG) Plantago lanceolata Do effects of mycorrhiza interact with those of previous herbivory ?

Plant Genotype1 Plant Genotype2 Low P High P (0.3%) (0.03%) T=48 Harvest Bioassay, VOC 2 Phosphate x 2 Genotype x 2 Mycorrhiza x 2 Herbivory x 10 Replicates = 160 plants Control T=0: Mycorrhiza T=45: Herbivory (24h) Herbivory Myc+Herb Experimental set-up

Contr /Geno1 Contr /Geno Leaf IG (%) Low P High P G*** larval ECI Low P High P G* P*** GxP* larval RCR Low P High P G** P** Leaf C/N Low P High P G** P*** GxP* M*** MxG* MxGxP* MxG* larval RGR Low P High P Mycorrhizal effects on leaf quality and insect growth Mycorrhizal effects on leaf consumption (RCR) differ between plant genotypes (they swamp genotypic differences in resistance !) Despite their positive effects on leaf quality (decreasing C/N, IG), mycorrhizae do not enhance insect RGR (induction of unmeasured defense compounds ?) High P: Mycorrhizae decrease leaf IG increase leaf N >> higher RGR ? MxP* Myco / Geno1 Myco / Geno2

(Previous) Herbivory Control Mycorrhiza RCR High P v Herb+Myc Genotype1 Interactive effects of mycorrhizae and (previous) herbivory Mycorrhiza & herbivores suppress each other’s negative effects on RCR of later arriving herbivores. MxH*

Mycorrhizal effects on VOC & parasitoid attraction Biere & Boom, unpubl (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate GLV (Rhizophagus /JA) Biere & Boom, unpubl. Funneliformis /Chrysodeixis/ Microplitis Myc Herb Herb+ * (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate GLV (E)-β- caryophyllene E-β- farnesene SqTRP Volatile emission (ng/g dw/ hr) Fontana et al. (2009) J Chem Ecol* (Rhizophagus /Spodoptera) Control Mycorrhiza Herbivory Myc + Herb * See also Babikova et al (2014) Funct Ecol; but see Schausberger et al (2012) Funct Ecol Parasitoid prefers (damaged) non-mycorrhizal plants over (damaged) mycorrhizal plants Speculation: low parasitoid preference for mycorrhizal plants due to suppression GLV / sqTRP Y-tube olfactometer

Conclusions Mycorrhizae (like other plant-associated microbes) can be important “hidden players” in plant-insect interactions. Despite their positive effects on leaf quality (lower C/N, IG), mycorrhizae do not necessarily enhance insect larval growth. In one case, mycorrhizae suppress (not enhance) the plant’s ability to induce defense in response to herbivory. In one case, mycorrhizae reduced (not enhanced) attractiveness of damaged plants to parasitoids. Due to suppression of GL/terpenoid HIPVs ?

Acknowledgements Thanks to: -Timo Boom, Dylan Kolenberg, Ciska Raaijmakers, Kees Hordijk, Iris Chardon, Rita Gols -Terrestrial Ecology colleagues at NIOO

*** Leaf % IG 3* 11** Leaf % aucubinLeaf % catalpol 8*** 0 3*17*** *** Leaf C/N Larval ECI Larval RCR Larval RGR 9*** Leaf C/N *** Leaf % IG ***9*** Leaf % aucubinLeaf % catalpol General patterns in effects of leaf traits on insect growth Low leaf quality (high C/N) is only partly compensated by increased feeding rate IGs mainly function as feeding deterrents, but aucubin also reduces digestibility

Plant dry wt (g) Low P High P G* P* GxP* Low IG High IG Mycorrhiza plants: M*** MxP*** Plant genotype, soil P, and mycorrhizal effects on insect growth

AMF suppresses IG induction by the herbivore AMF suppression Leaf iridoid glycosides (%dw) CMHMHMH Glomus “white”’ Effects of AMF on aboveground IG levels Bennett, Bever & Bowers (2009) Oecologia MHMH Herb + Myc C Contr H Herb - Consistent across plant genotypes ? - Effect on (later arriving) herbivore ? M Myc Scutellospora callospora