1. Influence of VAM for sustainable agriculture
Dr. R K Aher
New Arts, Commerce and Science College, Parner
2013

2. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
INTRODUCTION
Root – fungus association is called Mycorrhiza.
There are two types of Mycorrhizal fungal association viz. Ectomycorrhiza and Endomycorrhiza (AM).
Mycorrhizal plants increase the surface area of the root system and absorb nutrients from soil especially phosphorus and micronutrients by huphae that goes beyond root zone to absorb nutrients.
Almost 90 % of crop plants are mycorrhizal mostly of AM type.
Therefore, AM association in crop plants plays significant role in enhancing nutrient mobilization towards root.
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3. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
INTRODUCTION
Four general types of Mycorrhizal fungal association viz.
Ectomycorrhizae(ECM), Ericoid or ecto-endomycorrhizae , orchid and arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) have been recognized.
Mycorrhizal plants increase the surface area of the root system and absorb nutrients from soil especially phosphorus, zinc and micronutrients by hyphae that goes beyond root zone to absorb nutrients.
AM symbiosis are an essential component to sustain soil quality, plant health and productivity.
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4. Mycorrhiza is the symbiotic association between
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
Glomus
Vesicles and Arbuscules
Gigaspora
Mycorrhiza is the symbiotic association
between
plant roots and fungal mycelia
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5. CHARACTERISTICS OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
CHARACTERISTICS OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA
Mycorrhiza increase the surface area of the root
Absorb nutrients from soil especially phosphorus and micronutrients through hyphae and mobilize into the host cell.
Almost 90 % of crop plants are mycorrhizal mostly of arbuscular type (AM)
Mycorrhiza possess vesicles and arbuscules.
Mycorrhiza species are: Glomus, Gigaspora, Scutellospora, Acaulospora, Entrophosphora and Sclerocystis
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6. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
Microphotographs of different mycorrhizal type
Hyphal network
Vesicle in root
Ectomycorrhiza
Arbuscule
AM Spores
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7. MYCORRHIZAL INOCULUM PRODUCTION Mycorrhizae are obligate symbiont
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
MYCORRHIZAL INOCULUM PRODUCTION
Mycorrhizae are obligate symbiont
Generally cultured with living host
Spore multiplication in maize plant
Collection of soil based inoculum
Application in the root zone
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8. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
MYCORRHIZA ENHANCES CROP YIELD
Crop
Supplement of P2O5 through VAM (kg/ha)
% Yield increase
over control
Fingermillet 19 18
Soybean
25-50
Chillies
37.5 55
Chickpea
40.0 25
Groundnut -
10-20
P supplementation and mobilization by AM helps in yield increase
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9. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
AM MYCORRHIZAL SPECIES
Scutellospora
Glomus albidum
Glomus mosseae
Glomus
Sclerocystis
Gigaspora
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10. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
LET US SUM UP
Mycorrhiza is an association of fungal mycelia with roots of higher plants and are of two types viz. Ectomycorrhiza and Endomycorrhiza (AM).
Mycorrhizal plants increase the surface area of the root system and absorb nutrients from soil especially phosphorus and micronutrients by hyphae that goes beyond root zone to absorb nutrients.
contd….
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11. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi as component of INM
LET US SUM UP
contd….
The mycorrhizal association is one of the important phenomena for better establishment of crop plants especially under nutrient deficient soils.
Almost 90 % of crop plants are mycorrhizal mostly of AM type.
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12. Thank you