***Matter and Energy ** Lesson 1 Physical Properties of Matter * What physical properties can you observe with your senses? * What physical properties can you measure? * Is the weight of an object equal to the sum of its parts?

Lesson 1 Physical Properties of Matter Important Vocabulary: * Matter = Anything that has mass and takes up space. * Physical Property = A feature that you can measure with your senses or measure with a tool. * Conduct = To transfer. * Dissolve = To mix evenly in a liquid. * State of Matter = The different forms matter can exist as: solid, liquid, or gas. * Mass = The amount of matter that makes up an object. * Weight = A measure of the pull of gravity on an object’s mass.

Lesson 1 Physical Properties of Matter What are Physical Properties? * Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. * All kinds of matter can be described by properties, or characteristics. * A physical property is a feature that you can observe with you senses (smell, touch, sight, taste, hear) or measure with a tool.

Lesson 1 Physical Properties of Matter Examples of Physical Properties * Color, texture, how well substance conducts heat, how magnetic a substance is, and whether a substance dissolves are all physical properties that you can observe with your senses. * Texture is the way a surface feels, such as rough or smooth. * Magnets attract metals such as steel, iron, nickel, and cobalt. Magnets don’t attract plastic, wood, or rubber. * On earth, most matter exists as a solid, liquid, or gas. Each of these forms is a state of matter, which is another physical property you can observe.

Lesson 1 Physical Properties of Matter * You can also use measurements to describe many physical properties. * Temperature is one property that can be measured with a thermometer; temperature is a measure of how warm something is. * Mass is another property that can be measured; a pan balance is a tool that can be used to measure mass; units for mass include grams and kilograms. * Weight is another property that can be measured; a spring scale is a tool that can be used to measure weight; the basic unit of weight is a newton but weight is often given in grams, kilograms, and pounds.

Lesson 1 Physical Properties of Matter The Weight of Objects * The weight of an object is equal to the weight of all its parts together. * For example, suppose you measure the weight of some milk and the weight of some chocolate powder. Then you mix the milk and chocolate powder together to make chocolate milk. If you measure the weight of the chocolate milk, its weight will be equal to the weights of the milk and chocolate powder added together.

The Weight of Objects * The same rule applies when substances change their state of matter. * For example, if you freeze 1 cup of water and weigh it, the frozen water will still weigh 1 cup. * Weight and mass will not change as long as no matter is added or taken away.

Exit Ticket 1.Amanda melted a 4 oz. chocolate bar in a pot with a lid. What is most likely true about the weight of the melted chocolate? A.It weighs more than 4 oz. B.It weighs less than 4 oz. C.It weighs exactly 4 oz. 2. Mike is racing his electric toy. The truck hits a brick wall, and the front of the truck gets crushed. If the truck originally had a mass of 2.0 kg, how much mass does it most likely have now? A.1.5 kg B.1.9 kg C.2.0 kg D.2.2 kg

***Matter and Energy*** Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes * What is a physical change? * What are chemical properties? * What is a chemical change?

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes What is a Physical Change? * A physical change is a change in which no new materials form. * When you cause a physical change in a material, you change one or more of its physical properties (Remember, a physical property is a characteristic you can observe with your senses or measure with a tool). * Most physical changes can be reversed or undone.

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes Examples of a Physical Change * When you cut a piece of paper into pieces, you have changed the size and shape of the paper, but it’s still paper. * A change in state is a physical change. For example, ice is the solid state of water. If you heat ice enough, it changes to a liquid. Heating it even more can cause the liquid to change to a gas. In all of these states, no new materials have formed; the substance is still water.

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes Examples of a Physical Change * You cause a physical change when you make a mixture. * A mixture is matter made up of two or more materials. * For example, a salad is mixture of different vegetables. They are mixed together but the parts keep their own properties. Separating the parts of the mixture reverses the change. You can easily pick out the different parts of the salad mixture.

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes Examples of a Physical Change * You can also cause a physical change when you make a solution. * A solution is when a solid is mixed into a liquid and disappears. * For example, when we put a spoonful of sugar into a glass of water and stir it up, the sugar dissolves. * Even though you can no longer see the sugar, the water is still water and the sugar is still sugar. If we evaporated the water, we would be able to reclaim the dissolved sugar.

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes What are Chemical Properties? * A chemical property describes the way a substance may change or react to form a different substance. * Examples include: - Flammability – the ability to burn. - Reactivity – the response of one substance to another. - Rusting – iron reacting with oxygen. - PH – the acidity of a liquid substance.

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes What is a Chemical Change? * A chemical change is a change in which one or more new types of matter form. * In a chemical change, materials react with each other, and they combine in new ways to form other materials. * Chemical changes are not usually reversible. * Matter has NOT been created or destroyed, it has just simply been rearranged.

Lesson 2 Chemical and Physical Changes Examples and Signs of Chemical Change * Examples include: - milk turning sour. - a piece of paper burning. - a bicycle rusting. * Signs include: - fumes or smoke are produced. - the substance changes color. - the substance smells different. - light is produced that wasn’t there before. - heat is produced that wasn’t there before.