Bell Ringer Where was the Battle of Britain fought? Which side won the Battle of Britain? Locate #9 on your WWII map. Look at the arrows. What country is invading? What country is being invaded? Challenge – what is the name of the body of water?

We will… You will be able to… Identify key events that led to the end of WWII in Europe and the Pacific. Today in class… Language Social Studies Read primary and secondary source information about the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Describe the Allied Invasions of Europe. Describe the events that led to the Allied victory in Europe. Describe the Manhattan Project and how the United States uses it to end the war in the Pacific. Next Time/Soon: SOL Packet # 2

Allies invaded Italy first. On July 10, 1943, 180,000 Allied soldiers landed on Sicily and took it from Italian and German forces. This event drove Mussolini from power. On July 25 th, King Victor Emanuel III fired Mussolini and had him arrested. On September 3 rd, Italy surrendered to the Allies.

On April 28 th, 1945, while the Germans were retreating from Northern Italy, Mussolini was hiding in a truck disguised as a German soldier. Resistance fighters pulled Mussolini out, shot him, and hung him the next day in the town square in Milan.

In 1943, the Allies had been secretly gathering a large force in Great Britain.

Goal: Convince the Germans that an invasion would come from Calais. Calais was the logical point of attack because it is the closest to England.

DeceptionDeception

Patton’s “Ghost” Army  Allies needed to make the Calais invasion seem realistic and that it was going to happen soon.  They put highly respected U.S. General George Patton in charge of a completely fake army. 21 st army group (real) – Montgomery 1st U.S. Army Group (FAKE) - Patton

The FAKE Army Inflatable tank Dummy landing craft

What the Germans Saw

Safari Montage The Story of Us Chapter 5: D-Day (12 min 14 sec) What was the official codename for D-Day?

On June 6, 1944 British, American, French and Canadian troops invaded Normandy, France. The Day of the Invasion

The Atlantic Wall An extensive system of fortifications along the coast built by the German Army.

On the Beaches

The Allies were able to take the beachhead with heavy casualties. The Germans were forced to retreat as one million more troops landed on the beaches.

By August 1944, the Allies had taken back Paris. By September, they liberated France, Belgium, Luxemburg, and much of the Netherlands. Then they focused on Germany. While the Allies were pushing the Germans from the West, the Russians were pushing them from the East.

Wrote a final address to the German people which blamed the Jews for starting the war and his generals for losing it.

April 30, 1945 Hitler and his wife committed suicide. On May 7 th, Eisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender of the Germans.  President Roosevelt did not get to live to see this day as he died on April 12 th.  Harry S. Truman took over for him.

map

V-E Day The official surrender was signed on May 8 th, This date is known as V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day).

The Story of Us Chapter 6: The Atomic Bomb Ends the War (5 min 43 sec) What was the name of the top-secret government project that developed the atomic bomb?

The Manhattan Project US felt they had two options… Attack Japan and lose many lives Drop an Atomic Bomb and force Japanese surrender The Atomic Bomb had been developed by the top secret Manhattan Project. It was created by General Leslie Groves and J. Robert Oppenheimer. Before dropping the bomb, Truman told the Japanese to surrender. "Little Boy"

On August 6 th, 1945 Truman chose to drop an A-bomb on Hiroshima. 73,000 people died in the attack.

Enola Gay Paul Tibbets dropped the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima. The Enola Gay is in the Udvar-Hazy Museum at Dulles Airport.

"If they do not now accept our terms, they may expect a rain of ruin from the air the likes of which has never been seen on this earth." Harry S. Truman August 7, 1945

The Japanese still did not surrender. Truman dropped another atomic bomb on August 9 th on the city of Nagasaki. 37,500 died in this attack. "Fat Man"

The Japanese surrendered to General Douglass MacArthur on September 2, This became known as V-J Day for Victory in Japan Day. With Japan’s surrender, the war was officially over. V-J Day

What Next??? 1. Complete #6 & 7 in your Battles and Events Chart 2. Read primary and secondary source information about the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 3. Answer the questions and turn in at the end of the block!

1. Many countries become industrialized. Work is done in factories. Economies grow. 2. Countries need resources and markets for goods. They start building empires. 3. European countries begin competing for colonies. When they try to talk out problems, diplomacy fails. 4. Archduke Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo by Serbs that want land from Austria- Hungary. 5. WWI begins. 6. The US joins the Allies in WWI. 7. Lenin takes over Russia in a coup d’etat. Russia drops out of WWI and becomes the USSR. 8. Germany loses WWI. The Treaty of Versailles punishes Germany severely. Germans want revenge. 9. Economic depression hurts the world. Weak countries turn to fascist dictators to fix things. 10. Aggression begins. Italy takes Ethiopia. Japan takes Korea, Manchuria, and China. Germany takes over Austria and Czechoslovakia. 11. The world appeases aggressive dictators. The League of Nations does nothing. Pacifists don’t want war. 12. Hitler invades Poland. WWII begins. 13. France is conquered by Germany. 14. Hitler can’t defeat Britain despite relentless bombing. Churchill won’t surrender. 15. Surprise, Surprise. Hitler goes back on his promise to Stalin and invades the Soviet Union. 16. Japan attacks Pearl Harbor hoping to wipe out the American Navy. They don’t. 17. The United States declares war on Japan. Germany declares war on the United States.