HIV Care Continuum New Diagnoses, 2011, Fulton County, Georgia

Persons with HIV Engaged in Selected Stages of the Continuum of Care, United States Percent Hall et al. XIX International AIDS Conference, 2012 ART, antiretroviral therapy

Care Continuum Methodology, New HIV Diagnoses 2011, Fulton County Adults and adolescents are those aged >= 13 years Diagnosed between 01/01/11-12/31/11 Alive at least 15 months after diagnosis Residence of diagnosis Fulton County, current address Georgia Excludes 10 persons deceased within 15 months of diagnosis Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis, excluding day of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Estimated percentage prescribed ART derived from the Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) Georgia sample Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load All percentages are percent of total number of persons diagnosed with HIV

HIV Care Continuum Methodology HIV Confirmatory Diagnosis Date Months 0-3 after diagnosis Months 4-15 after diagnosis CD4 or Viral Load This person is: Linked YES Engaged YES Retained YES Virally suppressed YES Last viral load <200 copies/ml

HIV Care Continuum Methodology HIV Confirmatory Diagnosis Date Months 0-3 after diagnosis Months 4-15 after diagnosis CD4 or Viral Load This person is Linked YES Engaged YES Retained NO Virally suppressed YES “Engaged in care” is minimal engagement that indicates the person “touched” the medical system at least once during that 12 month period Last viral load undetectable CD4 or Viral Load

HIV Care Continuum Methodology HIV Confirmatory Diagnosis Date Months 0-3 after diagnosis Months 4-15 after diagnosis CD4 or Viral Load This person is Linked NO Engaged YES Retained YES Virally suppressed NO If no viral load done, it is assumed to be not suppressed CD4 done but no viral load done

Adults and adolescents diagnosed with HIV infection, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/11 -12/31/11, Fulton County = 726 Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Prescribed ART derived from MMP sample Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load = 319 Note: all percentages are percent of total number of persons diagnosed with HIV in category

Adults and adolescents diagnosed with HIV infection, by race/ethnicity, Fulton County 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/ /31/11, Fulton County = 726 Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islanders combined equal <2% of new diagnoses and are included in Other/Unknown

Adults and adolescents diagnosed with HIV infection, by age, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/ /31011, Fulton County = 726 Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load Note: all percentages are proportion of total number of persons diagnosed with HIV in category N=161 N=220 N=164N=123 N=58

Transmission category definitions Multiple imputation was used to re-distribute transmission category where missing MSM = Male to male sexual contact IDU = Injection drug use MSM/IDU = Male to male sexual contact and injection drug use HET = Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection Other = hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk factor not reported or not identified

Adult and adolescent males diagnosed with HIV infection, by transmission category*, Fulton County, 2011 Adult and adolescent males >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/ /31/11, Fulton County = 608 Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load Multiple imputation was used to re-distribute transmission category where missing *MSM = Male to male sexual contact IDU = Injection drug use MSM/IDU = Male to male sexual contact and injection drug use HET = Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection Other = hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk factor not reported or not identified

Adults and adolescent females diagnosed with HIV infection, by transmission category*, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescent females >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/ /31/11, Fulton County = 109 Note: small N in all categories; use caution in interpretation Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load Multiple imputation was used to re-distribute transmission category where missing *IDU = Injection drug use HET = Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection Other = hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk factor not reported or not identified N=15 N=72N=22

Adult and adolescent Black MSM* diagnosed with HIV infection, by age (years), Fulton County, 2011 Age at diagnosis (years) N**Linked N (%) Engaged N (%) Retained N (%) Viral suppression N (%) %6057%3230%3028% %6458%3933%3128% %2867%1433%1536% %1650%1341%1031% %330%110%1 Adults and adolescent males >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/11 -12/31/11, Fulton County = 300 Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load Multiple imputation was used to redistribute transmission category when missing *MSM = men who have sex with men **N = number of persons in that category Note: all percentages are proportion of total number of persons diagnosed with HIV in category

Adult and adolescent Black MSM diagnosed with HIV infection, by age, Fulton County, 2011 Adult and adolescent males >= age 13, diagnosed 01/01/ /31011, Fulton County = 300 Linked to care = CD4 or VL within 3 months of diagnosis Engaged in care >= 1 CD4 or VL 4-15 months after diagnosis Retained in care >= 2 CD4 or VL at least 3 months apart 4-15 months after diagnosis Viral suppression (VS) = VL<200 copies/ml in most recent viral load Note: all percentages are proportion of total number of persons diagnosed with HIV in category

The HIV Care Continuum can help us… Focus our efforts for linkage, retention and viral suppression. Identify groups at increased risk for dropping out of each step in the continuum. Monitor our progress in improvement of linkage, retention, and viral suppression. Identify disparities not only in prevalence but in care Evaluate efforts addressing specific populations with low viral suppression. Monitor efforts in improving viral suppression in specific counties, census tracts, zip codes and some specific facilities Encourage improvement in surveillance data completeness (race, sex, transmission category)

Stage of HIV disease at diagnosis Stage at diagnosis is defined by the first CD4 done within 3 months of diagnosis Stage 1 = CD4 >=500 Stage 2 = CD Stage 3 = CD4 <200 or OI Stage at diagnosis is unknown if no CD4 done within 3 months of diagnosis

Stage of disease by earliest CD4 count within 3 months of HIV diagnosis, adults and adolescents, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage unknown = no CD4 within 3 months of diagnosis

Stage of disease by earliest CD4 count within 12 months of HIV diagnosis, adults and adolescents, Fulton County 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage unknown = no CD4 within 12 months of diagnosis N=119N=127N=193 N=287

Number and proportion of adults and adolescents by stage at diagnosis by earliest CD4 count within 3 and 12 months after diagnosis, by race/ethnicity, Fulton County 2011 Race/ Ethnicity N** Stage 1 CD4>500 Stage 2 CD Stage 3 CD4 <200 Stage Unknown CD4 Missing 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) Black,42235 (8)45 (11)82 (19)109 (26)70 (17)89 (21)235 (56)179 (42) Hispanic/ Latino 284 (14) 6 (21)7 (25%)9 (32) 8 (29) White509 (18) 12 (24)17 (34)9 (18)11 (22)20 (40)13 (26) Other*/ Unknown (26)61 (27)55 (24)60 (27)18 (8) 95 (42)87 (38) Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage Unknown = no CD4 within 3 or 12 months of diagnosis *American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander groups together constitute <2% of adults diagnosed with HIV in Georgia, 2011 and are grouped with other/unknown race/ethnicity ** N = total number in this category

Stage of disease by CD4 count within 12 months of HIV diagnosis, adults and adolescents, by race/ethnicity, Fulton County 2011 Adults >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage Unknown = no CD4 within 3 months of diagnosis *American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander groups together constitute <2% of adults diagnosed with HIV in Georgia, 2010 and are grouped with Unknown race/ethnicity N=422 N=28 N=50 N=226

Number and proportion of adults and adolescents by stage at diagnosis using earliest CD4 count within 3 and 12 months after diagnosis, by sex, Fulton County, 2011 SexN* Stage 1 CD4>500 Stage 2 CD Stage 3 CD4 <200 Stage Unknown CD4 Missing 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) Male60886 (14)96 (16)130 (21)163 (27)83 (14)101 (17)309 (51)248 (39) Female10919 (17)22 (20)24 (22)29 (27)20 (18)23 (21)46 (42)35 (32) Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 717 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage Unknown = no CD4 within 3 or 12 months of diagnosis *N = total number in this category Excludes 9 cases for which sex was not reported

Stage of disease by CD4 count within 12 months of HIV diagnosis, adults and adolescents, by sex, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 717 Excludes 9 cases for which sex was not reported CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage Unknown = no CD4 within 3 months of diagnosis N=608 N=109

Number and proportion of adults and adolescents by stage at diagnosis by earliest CD4 count within 3 and 12 months after diagnosis, by transmission category*, Fulton County, 2011 Trans- mission category N** Stage 1 CD4>500 Stage 2 CD Stage 3 CD4 <200 Stage Unknown CD4 Missing 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) 3 mos. N (%) 12 mos. N (%) MSM37234 (9)41 (11)76 (20)102 (27)53 (14)70 (19)208 (56)159 (43) IDU333 (9)4 (12)6 (18)8 (24)9 (27)10 (30)15 (45)11(33) MSM/IDU91 (11) 2 (22) 4 (44) HET9411 (12)14 (15)20 (21)25 (27) 28 (30)38 (40)27 (29) Other21957 (26)60 (27)51 (23)56 (26)17 (8) 94 (43)86 (39) Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage Unknown = no CD4 within 3 or 12 months of diagnosis Multiple imputation was used to re-distribute transmission category where missing *MSM = Male to male sexual contact IDU = Injection drug use MSM/IDU = Male to male sexual contact and injection drug use HET = Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection Other = hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk factor not reported or not identified **N = total number in this category

Stage of disease by earliest CD4 count within 12 months of HIV diagnosis, adults and adolescents, by transmission category*, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage Unknown = no CD4 within 3 months of diagnosis Multiple imputation was used to re-distribute transmission category where missing *MSM = Male to male sexual contact IDU = Injection drug use MSM/IDU = Male to male sexual contact and injection drug use HET = Heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection Other = hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and risk factor not reported or not identified N=372N=33 N=9

Limitations Incomplete reporting Missing data for race/ethnicity, sex, and complete address at diagnosis Lack of transmission category information Definition of heterosexual transmission (sexual contact with a known HIV infected partner or person with increased risk, i.e., MSM or IDU) Missing laboratory reports CD4 within 3 and 12 months of diagnosis yields high unknown stage in Fulton County and Georgia overall

Uncertainties Populations for which data are missing may be fundamentally different How to obtain data for transgender category How to improve completeness of reporting Data on ART use Understanding barriers to ART adherence Prioritizing further research

Viral suppression on most recent viral load, by stage of disease by earliest CD4 within 3 months of HIV diagnosis, adults and adolescents, Fulton County, 2011 Adults and adolescents >= age 13, diagnosed 1/1/ /31/2011, Fulton County = 726 CD4<200 = Stage 3 disease (AIDS) Stage unknown = no CD4 within 3 months of diagnosis N=119N=193 N=127 N=287

For information on HIV prevention visit For more information on HIV surveillance in Georgia, visit epidemiology-surveillance-section