Elements and Atoms.

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Elements & Atoms Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed from experimental evidence. As more evidence was collected, the theory and models.

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Presentation transcript:

Elements and Atoms

Elements and Atoms What is Matter?

Elements and Atoms What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

Elements and Atoms What is Matter Made of? All matter is composed of elements

Elements and Atoms What are Elements? The building blocks of matter They are substances which cannot be broken down into other substances

Elements and Atoms What are Elements? All matter is composed of one element or a combination of two or more elements

Elements and Atoms Elements can exist in combination with other elements as Mixtures Compounds

Elements and Atoms What is a compound? A Compound is a pure substance make of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio Salt – 39.3% sodium and 60.7% chloride

Elements and Atoms What is a compound? A Compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements that are combined chemically in a specific ratio Water – H2O

Elements and Atoms What is a Mixture? Two or more substances – elements, compounds, or both – that are in the same place but are not chemically combined Sand, mixed nuts, air

Elements and Atoms If elements are the simplest forms of matter what is the smallest piece of an element? Atoms

Elements and Atoms What is an atom? The smallest particle of an element Atoms can join together to form molecules

Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of? Atoms are composed of particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus

Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of? Protons carry a positive electrical charge Electrons carry a negative electrical charge Neutrons carry no electrical charge at all

Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of? Protons and neutrons cluster together in the nucleus The electrons orbit the nucleus

Elements and Atoms What are atoms made of? A particular atom will have the same number of protons and electrons

Elements and Atoms Atomic Theory and Models Atomic Theory is a Scientific Theory What is a Scientific Theory? A well tested idea that explains and connects a wide range of observations

Elements and Atoms Atomic Theory and Models Atomic theory grew as a series of models that developed as scientists learned more about the nature and characteristics of the atom.

Elements and Atoms Dalton’s Model Dalton thought that atoms were like smooth hard balls that could not be broken into smaller pieces

Elements and Atoms Thompson’s Model Thompson suggested that atoms had negatively charged electrons embedded in a positive sphere

Elements and Atoms Rutherford’s Model According to Rutherford’s model, an atom was mostly empty space. Electrons moved around a small, positively charged nucleus in the center of the atom

Elements and Atoms Bohr Model Neils Bohr suggested that electrons move in specific orbits around the nucleus of an atom

Elements and Atoms Cloud Model According to the cloud model, electrons move rapidly in every direction around the nucleus

Elements and Atoms Modern Atomic Model The nucleus, which contains both protons and neutrons, is surrounded by a cloudlike region of electrons