Recent History Conceptual Design Evolution Funding Developing a User-Driven, Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Tom Malone, Director Ocean.US Office for Integrated & Sustained Ocean Observations National Ocean Research Leadership Council (NORLC)

Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) IOOS exists in concept only –Global Ocean-Climate Component Plans for initial system completed Implementation underway –Coastal Component In early stages of planning Private sector involvement critical to successful development

Recent History

1998 NORLC Charged by Congress Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Provide Data/Info Required for More Rapid Detection & Timely Prediction of State Changes Improve the safety & efficiency of marine operations Improve homeland security Mitigate effects of natural hazards more effectively Improve predictions of climate change & their effects Minimize public health risks Protect & restore healthy coastal marine ecosystems more effectively Sustain living marine resources 1 System, 7 Goals

1999 – NORLC Submits Provisional Design => Congress 2000 – NORLC creates OceanUS Office to design the IOOS & coordinate its implementation 2003 – Congress directs NOAA & its NOPP Partners to prepare an IOOS Implementation Plan  Ocean.US recommended, NORLC/OSTP approved IOOS design plan & implementation priorities => Congress  Earth Observation Summit initiates GEOSS planning process  S.1400 authorizing $216 M for 1 st year of IOOS => $257M in Yr 5  Regional groups funded to establish Regional Associations Pre–Commission on Ocean Policy:

Commission on Ocean Policy Governor’s Draft 20 April, 2004 Implement an Integrated Ocean Observing System  Makes more effective use of existing assets  Enhance over time as more user groups become engaged & new technologies & knowledge develop  $138 M for FY 2006 – $600 M by 2010  Codify in legislation Ocean.US as the Interagency Planning Office Implement ecosystem–based management Strengthen regional approach

Conceptual Design

That is Sustained & Routinely Provides Data & Information Specified by Multiple User Groups Analysis, Modeling Data Communications & Management Monitoring In Situ & Remote Sensing Groups that Use, Depend on, Manage or Study Oceans & Coasts IOOS End To End Vision Integrated Ocean Observing System

Multiple Use Phenomena of Interest: Climate & Weather + Marine Ops, Hazards, Security & Public Health  Sea surface winds, currents, ice & waves  Sea level & bathymetry  Storm surge, erosion, susceptibility to natural hazards  Acoustic performance  Propagation of electromagnetic waves  Human exposure to Contaminants Pathogens Ecosystem Health & Natural Resources  Habitat modification  Loss of biodiversity  Invasive species  Harmful algal events  Eutrophication  Disease & mass mortalities  Stocks of harvestable resources  Declining harvests  Mariculture operations

Design Considerations  The IOOS must provide sustained, routine observations for more rapid detection & timely predictions of the phenomena of interest  The IOOS must efficiently link data & information needs of user groups to observations via Integrated data management and modeling  Encourage use of IOOS data & information by private sectors to produce & profit from the sale of value added products  Many of the building blocks of the IOOS already exist Make effective use of existing resources & don’t reinvent the wheel  Priorities for detecting & predicting change in marine systems vary regionally Customize the IOOS regionally  A critical 1 st step is the provision of rapid access to diverse data from many sources

National Weather Service A Model for an Operational, End to End Observing System Advice R&D Requirements Meteorology & Physical Oceanography NWS Climate Observing System Weather Climatologies Nowcasts Forecasts Future Casts Climate Long Range Predictions

Detecting & Predicting Change in Oceans & Coasts Multi-Disciplinary Foundation Marine Meteorology Oceanography Marine & Estuarine Ecology Landscape Ecology Medical Research Multiple Applications Safe, efficient marine operations Coastal engineering Homeland security Environmental protection Public health & safety LMR management ICZM management Advice R&D Requirements IOOS

IOOS Design & Operating Principles – 1 (1) Product – Driven  Design, implementation, operation & improvement must be guided by data providers & users from both public & privates sectors (2) IOOS Development  Selectively link existing assets through data management, communications & modeling  Enhance operational capabilities over time by incorporating additional operational elements as needed by users & new technologies & knowledge become available (3) Multiple Use  Ensure sustained data streams of known quality Benefit a broad spectrum of groups that use, depend on, manage & study marine systems

IOOS Design & Operating Principles – 2 (4) Based on sound science  The IOOS will encompass a continuum of research to operational activities  Promote research needed to develop the fully integrated system (5) Data & information produced at public expense  Fully & openly shared in a timely manner (6) Standards & Protocols  Establish national standards & protocols for measurements, data management & modeling

U.S. IOOS Two Interdependent Components Hierarchy of Observing Systems Global Ocean Climate Component GOOS/GCOS Coastal Ocean Component GLsNE MAB SE Go Mex H Isl GoA NW SW Regional Observing Systems National Backbone Resolution Lower Higher

Global Component of the Observing Subsystem An International Collaboration Implementation Well Underway

Near shore Processes Spatially Synoptic Time Series Transects V-Profiles High Res TS V-Profiles Autonomous In Situ Sensing Observatories Ship– & AUV– Based Surveys Satellites Aircraft HF Radar NWLON Coastal Lab Nets Aircraft The Coastal Challenge Analysis Modeling Integrated Data Management Real-Time Delayed Mode Rapid Assessments Timely Predictions

Coastal Component Operated by Federal Agencies EEZ & Great Lakes Core variables  required by regions Networks  sentinel stations  reference stations Standards/Protocols  QAQC, DMAC  Products Regional Associations  Design  Operate Involve private sectors, NGOs, State Agencies  Design, Operate  Use  Evaluate Incorporate  Subregional systems  Elements thereof Enhance the Backbone based on User Needs Regional COOS’s National Backbone

Potential Backbone with Regional Enhancements IOOS Elements GoMOOS MARA Regional Enhancements National Backbone

IOOS Evolution

Desired Roles of Private Sectors Contribute to IOOS design, implementation, operation & improvement –Observations, data telemetry, data management, modeling Sell products to develop & operate the IOOS –Vendors of instruments, standards, communications, etc. Provide data served by the IOOS –Recognizing that use may be restricted Use data served by the IOOS to create value added products –Commercial weather forecasting Purchase value added products from commercial vendors for their own purposes

Engaging Private Sectors in IOOS Development Two convergent, interdependent approaches  Regional Focus on engaging private sectors, NGOs, and state agencies from the beginning  National Focus on serving data & information to attract the interest of private sectors & stimulate product development Regional Approach  Regional workshops – East & West Coasts, Great Lakes, Gulf of Mexico  Standing User Forums National Approach  Annual IOOS Implementation Conference to formulate & update the IOOS Development Plan

Gulf of Mexico Regional Workshop Marathon Oil Co., Houston, TX, 2-4 March 2004 Explore Private Sector Interests & Roles in the U.S. IOOS Results –Private sector demands Actively involved in planning, governance, operation, evaluation Funding opportunities must be open to private sectors –Private sector concerns More effective, proactive communications by IOOS developers Protection of their right to sell products & services w/o competition from government agencies Protection of proprietary data from unauthorized distribution & use –Private sector advocacy Yes, if treated as equal partners in addressing the issues above Next Steps –Regional Workshops for Great Lakes, East & West Coasts –RAs establish regional “user” group forums

Part I – Structure and Governance  Vision & design principles  Planning  Implementation Cycle Part II – Building the Initial IOOS (FY 05 – 06)  Integrate existing assets across agencies  Coordinated regional development Part III – Improving the IOOS (FY 07 – 14)  Enhance the initial IOOS  R&D priorities 1 st Annual IOOS Development Plan

Governance of the IOOS NORLC Establish Policies & Procedures Executive Committee Approve Plans Provide Resources OceanUS Plan & Coordinate NFRA Represent & Coordinate RAs Develop & Operate RCOOSs ORAP Advise USGSC User Input & Performance Federal Agencies Develop & Operate Global & Backbone Private Sectors Private Sectors

Funding

S.1400: Ocean Observations & Coastal Systems Act Snowe, Kerry, McCain, Hollings, Inouye & Breaux Authorization – Passed Senate October, 2003 Assigns responsibility for establishing & maintaining the IOOS to NOPP Formalizes in statute an Interagency Program Office (OceanUS) Directs the NORLC to establish a Joint Operations Center to be managed by NOAA in consultation with its NORLC partners Authorizes $216M for FY 04 => $257M in FY 08 Funding to be distributed among participating NOPP agencies

House Bill Ocean & Coastal Observation System Act Enhancements & New Initiatives YR 1YR 2YR 3Yr 4Yr 5 DMAC RCOOSs Global ocean-climate Backbone e nhancements TOTAL $ Millions Resource Committee + Science, Armed Services & Transportation Introduced by Congressman Weldon

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