Neutron numbers Proton numbers

Nuclear Binding Energy

Nuclear Fusion

Solar Model

Nuclear Fission and Chain Reaction

Standard Model 8 Have we discovered Higgs? Breaking News from CERN

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Challenges in Physics  Confinement QCD  Lattice QCD  Chiral perturbation theory  New physics beyond the Standard Model (SM)  New sources of symmetry violation  Dark matter  Dark energy 10 QCD at different energies

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“Vector Portal” to Dark Sector 17 1.Dark photon A’ Kinetic mixing and U(1)’ 2.Dark leptophobic B-boson (dark ω, γ B, or Z’) : Gauged baryon symmetry U(1) B  the stability of baryonic and dark matter  a unified genesis of baryonic and dark matter  a natural framework for “Strong CP problem” in QCD  the region is strongly constrained by long-range forces search exp. ; the has been investigated by the collider exp.  GeV-scale domain is nearly untouched, a discovery opportunity! Most A’ searches are through its decay to relying on the leptonic coupling of new force Early studies by Lee and Yang, Phys.Rev.,98 (1955) 1501; Okun, Yad.Fiz., 10 (1969) 358,

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Striking signature for B-boson in η decay  B production: A.E. Nelson, N. Tetradis, Phys. Lett., B221, 80 (1989)  B decays:  highly suppressed SM background 20 B  0  in MeV mass range S. Tulin, Phys.Rev., D89, (2014)  B  +  0  Search for a resonance peak of  0  for m B ~ MeV

Jlab Eta Factory (JEF) Experiment ( Jlab Eta Factory (JEF) Experiment (  B  0  ) 21  A stringent constraint on the leptophobic B-boson in MeV range.  A positive signal of B in JEF will imply a new fermion with a mass up to a few TeV due to electro-weak anomaly cancellation.  Future  Future  ’ experiment will extend the experimental reach up to 1 GeV

C Invariance  Maximally violated in the weak force and is well tested.  Assumed in SM for electromagnetic and strong forces, but it is not experimentally well tested (The current constraint:  1 GeV)  EDMs place no constraint on CVPC in the presence of a conspiracy or new symmetry; only the direct searches are unambiguous. ( M. Ramsey-Musolf, phys. Rev., D63, (2001); talk at the AFCI workshop ) ( M. Ramsey-Musolf, phys. Rev., D63, (2001); talk at the AFCI workshop )talk at the AFCI workshoptalk at the AFCI workshop 22 Final State Branching Ratio (upper limit) Gammas in Final State 3γ3γ< π0γπ0γ< π0γ2π0γ< γπ 0 Nothing published 3π0γ3π0γ< γ2π03γ2π0 Nothing published C Violating η neutral decays

23 Experimental Improvement on η →3 γ  SM contribution: BR(η → 3γ) < via P-violating weak interaction.  A new C- and T-violating, and P-conserving interaction was proposed by Bernstein, Feinberg and Lee Phys. Rev.,139, B1965 (1965)  A calculation due to such new physics by Tarasov suggests: BR(  3  )< Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.,5,445 (1967)  A new investigation by M. R-M and two Ph.D. students is in progress Proj. JEF Improve BR upper limit by one order of magnitude to directly tighten the constraint on CVPC new physics