PACS 2500 Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies Guy Burgess Co-Director Conflict Information Consortium, University of Colorado UCB 580, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO , (303) Copyright © 2014 Guy Burgess and Heidi Burgess

Study Questions To be covered on next test: #35, #40, #41, #43, #45 Deleted: #23, #52

Test Thursday

Test 50% 2 Mid-Terms / Final Notes page allowed Study questions – List – Define – Apply “Wildcard” questions Slightly cumulative final 50 minute tests “Curved” grading

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Genocide Risk around-the-world/?tid=sm_fb

Cultural Differences Intolerable Moral Differences s.com/2015/09/22 /opinion/ignoring- sexual-abuse-in- afghanistan.html? _r=0

Campaign Finance Loopholes race.html

Federal Government Threat

Government Shutdown? government-shuts-down/

The Coming Democratic Crack-Up looming-dilemma/406426/?utm_source=SFFB

Conflict Arenas Negotiation Legal action Political action Moral competition Economic competition Military confrontation Conflict Actors / Interveners Grassroots Citizens Third SidersProfiteers Competing Interest Groups & Leaders Altruistic & Selfish Motives Altruistic Interveners Self-Interested Interveners Competing Interest Groups & Leaders Altruistic & Selfish Motives Grassroots Citizens Mid-Level Activists 3 rd Party 2 nd Party

Stop Fighting

Think About a Fight  Parents?  Roommates?  Siblings?  Teachers?  Community?

A.Hold your ground? Fight back and protect your interests? B.Overstate your case, so you have something to back down to later? C.Give in so as not to "make waves"? D.Take a "time out" to allow things to cool down? E.End the relationship (because if you fight like this over and over, it isn't worth the misery)? When you find yourself in a hole, stop digging!

A.Stand up for yourself and make sure the other person knows you won't tolerate disrespect from him or her? B.Apologize for statements said in anger that you didn't really mean, and try again to respectfully explain what you DID mean? C.Politely tell the other person how their attacks made you feel? D.Forgive and forget -- and move on?

A.Say it again, because the other person probably just wasn't listening or didn't understand? B.Listen to what the other person has to say first, and then respond? C.Talk about yourself -- don't talk about them? D.Talk around the problem -- don't focus on it directly? That’s too inflammatory.

A.Base the plan on agreed-to principles of fairness and justice? B.Agree to talk whenever someone is upset and come up with a collaborative solution? C.Agree that one person will be the "authority figure", though that person will listen to the other person's arguments and complaints? D.Agree to negotiate everything?

A.Try to convince your partner to do what you want? (You need to stand up for yourself.) B.Agree with your partner and do what he/she wants? (It’s not worth the fight.) C.Try to find out what your partner's underlying interests are (Why does he/she take the position that she does?) D.Try to trade off with your partner? (You do what he/she does sometimes and he/she does what you want other times.)

A.Avoid talking about the issue? B.Try to collect more facts so that you can persuade the other person that you are right? C.Try to get someone else to help you resolve the problem? D.Agree to disagree, but work to understand the other side?

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2004 / 2008

Political Manipulation of the Culture Divide

Political Selection  Political selection  “Survival of the fittest”  Survival of the most powerful  If one side does it the other has to do it  Since they all do it, it’s a non issue  Folks who don’t do it, you never hear from Charles Darwin

Hidden Persuaders II

Wag the Dog

Higman / Lasswell Propaganda I Attitudes Opinions: Votes, Support Individual Thought Processes Stimulae: Events, Ads, Speeches

Higman / Lasswell Education II Attitudes Opinions: Votes, Support Individual Thought Processes Stimulae: Events, Ads, Speeches

Higman / Lasswell Propaganda III Attitudes Opinions: Votes, Support Individual Thought Processes Stimulae: Events, Ads, Speeches

Higman / Lasswell Propaganda IV Attitudes Opinions: Votes, Support Individual Thought Processes Stimulae: Events, Ads, Speeches X

Focus Groups

Debates as Sound Bite Contests

Focus Groups  Imagine yourself as an undecided voter  Would each soundbite make you more or less likely to vote for someone.

Dismal Theorem of Political Science In democratic societies, the skills that it takes to get elected are, in many ways, antithetical to the skills that are needed one elected. Kenneth Boulding

GOP Debate Sound Bite Clips 8 min

FactCheck.org

Al Frakin True, False, or Weasel Game

If the Facts Aren’t on Your Side, Attack the Wonks / Fact Checkers “We’re not going to let our campaign be dictated by fact-checkers” How do you encourage and support quality fact checking? Or, get your own fact checker

Review Questions

John Stewart 12 min – no music