Species Interaction Symbiosis

Symbiosis Means “living together” Interaction between two species where at least one benefits – Some organisms are permanently dependent on others for survival Three types – Mutualism – Commensalism – Parasitism

Mutualism Both species benefit – Example: Humming bird and flower Hummingbird gets food and flower gets pollinated

Commensalism One species benefits and the other is not helped nor is it harmed – Example: Remora on a shark.

Parasitism One organism living in or on another organism and causes harm – Parasite: organism that benefits – Host: organism that is harmed – Example: fleas on dogs

Symbiosis Practice Which type of symbiosis is it?

Commensalism Remora Fish and Shark – Remora fish attaches itself to the underside of shark without harming the shark – Remora eats leftover bits of food from the sharks meals – Remora also gets protection from predators

Parasitism Mistletoe and trees – Mistletoe grows on trees like Palo Verde – Mistletoe takes nutrients from trees Causes harm to Palo Verde Host: Parasite: Trees (Palo Verde) Mistletoe

Mutualism Cow and bacteria – Bacterial live in cow’s stomach and helps breakdown plant matter Both partners benefit!

Symbiosis = Adaptation? Adaptation is a behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism survives. How does symbiosis help organisms survive? – Gives advantage Protection from predators Easier access to food

Symbiosis is a lifesaver