First Semester Review for Biology
The biomoelcule that has a 1:2:1 ratio of C:H:O
carbohydrates
What is the acronym for the scientific method?
D. Define problem R. research H. Hypothesis E. Experimental setup R. Results C. conclusion
Closely packed molecules in a container is known as a ___________. (It can take the shape of the container)
solid
The type of bond that transfers electrons to fulfill their valences.
ionic
The particles that you will find orbiting the nucleus of an atom in energy levels.
electrons
What is the inorganic molecule that is polar and is known as the best solvent in the world?
water
What is the name of the protein that helps speed up reactions?
Enzymes catalysts
Anything that contains carbon is also known as__________.
organic
Another term for maintaining the body’s balance is called_____________.
homeostasis
Any substance that contains all like atoms is also known as a(n) _____________.
element
The particle that is also the atomic number of an atom is _______________.
The number of protons. It could also be the electrons.
A substance with a pH of is a(n)_______
acid
The study of life is known as ___________.
biology
The type of bond that shares electrons to fulfill its valences is called____________.
covalent
The biomolecule that contains nitrogen is ___________________
protein
The smallest part of a living thing is the _________
cell
The boss of the cell is the ___________
nucleus
A passageway that carries proteins from the nucleus to other parts is the _________
E.R. (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
The cell organelle that makes ribosomes is the _____________
Nucleolus (It is inside of the nucleus)
What do all living things need?
Respiration Digestion Made up of at least one cell Reproduce Use energy Get rid of waste
What are instructions for traits that are passed from one generation to another called?
genes
What is a hypothesis?
An educated guess. It is the part of the experiment that is testable.
What is a theory?
A very broad explanation
What makes carbon so special?
It has a valence of four electrons. It can either gain or lose four electrons to fulfill its valence.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
Sugars which are also known as saccharides
What is the main difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
The prokaryote does not have a nucleus
What part of the eye detects color?
cones Cones
What is astigmatism?
A misshapen eye that causes a person to not see clearly.
What was the cause of eye problems in the people in Nepal?
Because they live in such high elevation the sunlight’s UV is much more damaging to eye tissue. Also, a poor diet can cause it.
Which part of the ear changes sound waves (vibration) to electrical impulses?
cochlea
Name the three main parts of the brain.
Cerebellum Cerebrum Brain stem
Which part of the neuron sends impulses to the next cell?
The axon
Which cells of the body contain more mitochondria than any other?
Muscle Nerve
What are the differences between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis-asexual reproduction makes two identical daughter cells Meiosis-sexual reproduction makes four haploid daughter cells
How many chromosomes does a skin cell have in a human?
46 or 23 pair
If you drank salt water for two days what would happen to the cells of your body?
The cells would dehydrate because the solution around them are hypertonic
Is it possible to drink too much water in too short of time. Explain.
Too much water makes a hypotonic environment for your cells making them unable to work because they are too swollen with water
What is needed for photosynthesis to occur?
Sunlight Water Carbon dioxide Chlorophyll
What is needed for cellular respiration to occur?
Sugar Oxygen
What is the epiphysis and diaphysis?
Diaphysis=shaft of long bone=compact bone Epiphysis=end of long bone=spongy
Could we hear without air? Explain.
No. Sound waves need the particles in air to travel.