Vesicular Transport IV Chapter 13
3 possible fates of receptor proteins in an epithelial cell
opiod receptor green transferin red
Low Density Lipoprotein particle transports cholesterol in the blood 1500 cholesterol molecules esterified to long chain fatty acids in one particle
Normal LDL receptors facilitate transport of cholesteryl esters in clathrin coated vesicles
Defective LDL receptor protein causes high levels of blood cholesterol and heart disease
cholesterol is released in lysosome
Blood Flow is not restricted until 70% of artery is blocked
Formation of plaque
Plaque formation in artery
Formation of liposomes beneath endothelial layer
Foam Cell with lipid storage bodies
Plaque
Plaque formation in rat aorta
Severe atherosclerosis of the aorta.
Storage diseases
Cholesteryl ester storage disease
Membrane bound granules filled with lipids
Cholesterol ester storage disease
Hurler disease
Hurler disease is a lysosomal storage deficiency
Symptoms of gargoylism Stunted Growth Mental Retardation blindness deafness heart and muscle dysfunction
Two ways for some lysosomal proteins to end up in lysosome
3 best understood protein sorting pathways in the trans Golgi network
Hurler disease can be treated by adding lysosomal enzyme to blood stream
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
Normal protein export from the ER to Golgi
In alpha-1-antitrypdin deficiency export from ER does not occur
Alpha-1-anitrypsin accumulation in ER
Glycoprotein accumulation in liver cells
Globules of alpha-1-antitrypsin in liver cells
Failure of phagosomes and lysosomes to fuse Mycobacterium tuberculosis releases sulfatides
3 pathways to degradation in the lysosome
Yeast in phagocytes stained with acridine orange become fluorescent as phagosomes fuse with lysosomes
Sulfatides prevent fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes
two toxoplasma in phagocyte 1 2 lysosomes