Drug and Alcohol Impaired Driving Drug and Alcohol Impaired Driving Troopers Desmond Watson and Isaac Kurtz
Impaired Driving im·paired driv·ing (m- pârd driv-ing): - operating a motor- vehicle under the influence of alcohol, narcotics, prescription medication, or over-the- counter drugs
Alcohol- the most abused drug More than 16,000 Americans die each year in alcohol- related traffic crashes 32 percent of all 2008 U.S. fatality traffic crashes were alcohol-related Nearly 600,000 Americans are injured in alcohol-related traffic crashes each year Someone dies in an alcohol- related traffic crash every 45 minutes (NHTSA, 2008)
South Dakota Stats (2008) In 2008, 41.3% of all fatal crashes were alcohol related. 48 people were killed in alcohol related accidents. 659 people were injured in alcohol related accidents. There were over 11,000 DWI arrests in SD Source: SD Department of Public Safety—Accident Records SD Department of Public Safety—Driver Improvement
What does alcohol and drugs do to my body? Slows reaction time Impairs judgement Impairs vision Impairs person’s ability to complete numerous tasks at the same time Affects coordination Affects person’s ability to process information
Drug impaired driving on the rise Nationwide increase in people driving under the influence of drugs What is a drug? “Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability to operate a motor vehicle safely” “Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability to operate a motor vehicle safely” Legal vs Illicit drugs Availability of drugs compared to alcohol (especially among the younger)
Drug Recognition Expert Officers trained in the detection of drivers who are under the influence of drugs besides alcohol 12 step post arrest evaluation in controlled environment Field Sobriety tests Eye examinations Clinical signs Signs of ingestion Valuable evidence in prosecution of impaired drivers as some drugs may be prescribed and not illegal to possess. No presumptive level for drugs, only impairment Assisting other agencies *
Determiniations of a DRE Is the subject impaired? Is it a medical condition or drug use that is causing the impairment? If drug related, the DRE determines the category of drug involved.
Drug Recognition Training Hours Ø Phase I - DRE Pre-School (16 hours) Ø Phase II - DRE School (56 hours) Ø Phase III - Certification Training (40-60 hrs) Ø Re-Certification training every two years
CERTIFICATION PHASE Twelve evaluations Three of the seven categories Confirmation through toxicological exams
ORIGIN OF THE DEC PROGRAM Developed by members of LAPD in the early 70’s In 1979 the DRE program was in place with LAPD Standardized by NHTSA in 1987
CNS DEPRESSANTS CNS DEPRESSANTS Alcohol Barbiturates Tranquilizers Chloralhydrate Sleeping pills GHB Rohypnol Soma
CNS STIMULANTS CNS STIMULANTS Cocaine Amphetamine Methampheta mine Ritalin Cylert Preludin
Hallucinogens Hallucinogens LSD Peyote Mushrooms Ecstasy Toad licking Nutmeg Other synthetic psychedelic amphetamines
DISASSOCIATIVE ANESTHETICS PCP Angel dust Super kools Sherm Ketamine (special k) Dextromethorphan (DXM) (DXM)
NARCOTIC ANALGESICS NARCOTIC ANALGESICS Heroin Morphine Opium Methadone Percodan Percocet Demerol Darvon
INHALANTS INHALANTS Glue Gasoline Paint thinner Spray Paint Nitrous Oxide Scotchguard Freon
CANNABIS Marijuana Hashish Hash oil Marinol
Questions? Questions?