2003 Vegetable Herbicide Update GFVGA Annual Meeting

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

IR-4 THE PROJECT I NTERREGIONAL R ESEARCH PROJECT NO. 4 THE MINOR USE PROGRAM Funding provided by USDA (CSREES and ARS) and the SAES IR-4 USDA ARS USDA CSREES SAESEPA AGRICHEMICALS INDUSTRY Consumers Food Processors Commodity Producers

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

Roundup WeatherMax 1.Replacing Roundup UltraMax 2.Potassium salt 5.5 lb salt/gal; 4.5 lb ae/gal 3.30-min rainfree warranty 4.Claim better activity under marginal conditions 5.Better bulk handling characteristics

Roundup WeatherMax Row Middle Application Apply as hooded spray, shielded spray, or wiper application in row middles. Broccoli Cabbage Cauliflower Celery Collard Dry bean Eggplant Green pea Garlic Irish potato Kale Lettuce Lima bean Mustard Okra Onion Pepper Pole bean Snap bean Southern pea Sweet potato Turnip

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

Select 1.Collard, kale, mustard, turnip 2.Control of annual and perennial grasses 3.Apply 6 to 8 fl oz per acre 4.Add 1% crop oil concentrate to mix

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

Strategy cucumbers, melons, squash and watermelons contains 1.6 lb ethalfluralin (Curbit) and 0.5 lb clomazone (Command) per gallon

Curbit removed from the market???? replaced with Strategy

Strategy Soil Broadcast Amount of Amount of Texture Rate Curbit Command Coarse 2-3 pt pt pt Medium 3-4 pt pt pt Fine 4-6 pt 2-3 pt pt Georgia use rate for most fields should be 2-3 pt/A.

Strategy DO NOT incorporate prior to planting DO NOT apply under or OVER row covers, mulches, or other plant covers Beware of the potential for heavy rain Do not make broadcast applications to transplants

Watermelon Injury from Strategy Applied Topical 1 wk After Transplant

Strategy Apply prior to weed emergence Apply to seeded crop prior to emergence, or apply as a banded spray between rows after crop emergence or transplanting.

Strategy Should be able to obtain same rate of ethalfluralin (Curbit). Command should enhance activity of annual grasses (expect Texas panicum), sida, croton, lambsquarters. Buffer restrictions are identical to Command applied alone Be aware of carryover from clomazone

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

Matrix Herbicide Active is rimsulfuron, DuPont product Apply in field grown tomato Apply 1 to 2 oz of product after at least two leaves Add nonionic surfactant

Tomato Response to Matrix applied PRE and POST. TyTy, % injury

Matrix Weed Control Specific use herbicide: Annual bluegrass Large crabgrass Foxtails Fall panicm Wild mustard Redroot pigweed Common purslane Wild radish Cocklebur* Lambsquarters* Morningglory* Hairy Nightshade* *Label suggest only suppression of these weeds.

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

Command 3 ME Labels 2003 u cucumber (0.4 to 1.0 pt) apply after seeding or just prior to transplanting u melons - musk and watermelon (0.4 to 0.67 pt/A) apply after seeding or just before transplanting u lima bean, snap bean, pole bean, southern pea (0.47 to 0.67 pt) – apply after seeding.

Command 3 ME Labels Be Aware of the Buffer Restrictions and Potential Off-Target Movement

New Vegetable Herbicides for )Roundup WeatherMax 2)Select 3)Strategy 4)Matrix 5)Command 6)Sandea

Sandea 1) cucumber, cantaloupe, tomato 2) row middle for pepper, eggplant, squash, watermelon, pumpkin* 3) preemergence in succulent snap bean* *Label anticipated in near future.

Sandea - Cucumber and Cantaloupe (Section 3 Label Soon)* No Plastic: –0.5 to 0.75 oz applied after planting prior to soil cracking or apply and wait at least 7 d prior to transplant. –0.5 to 0.75 oz POST after the crop has reached the 3-5 true leaf stage, but before flowering. –0.5 to 0.75 oz POST no sooner than 14 d after transplant. Plastic: –0.5 to 0.75 oz following final bed shaping and just prior to laying plastic. Do not transplant or seed for at least 7 d after treatment.

Cucumber Injury Symptoms from Sandea Applied POST

Sandea - Cucumber and Cantaloupe (Section 3 Label Soon)* Postemergence application can slow growth of vines Cantaloupe seems to be more sensitive than cucumber

Cucumber Response to Sandea Applied Topical. TyTy, 2002.* % stunting *Cucumber was in the 3-leaf stage at time of application.

Cantaloupe Response to Sandea Applied Topical. Cordele, 2002.* % stunting *Cantaloupe was 6 inches at time of application.

However, no documented yield loss at this time

Sandea - Tomato (Section 3 Label) –0.5 to 0.75 oz following final bed shaping and just prior to laying plastic. Do not transplant for at least 7 d after treatment. –0.5 to 0.75 oz POST no sooner than 14 d after transplant. Directed application suggested.

Sandea - tomato (Section 3 Label)* –5 trials conducted in GA during 2000, 2001, –No visual injury –No maturity effect –No yield effect –No grade effect Cooperative work with Joel Hudgins, Decatur County.

Row Middle Applications (Section 3 Label)* –Fruiting vegetables including pepper and eggplant –Cucurbit vegetable group including cantaloupes, melons, cucumbers, squash, pumpkins, watermelon *Label anticipated in near future.

Sandea for PRE Weed Control common cocklebur wild radish pigweeds common ragweed common lambsquarters yellow nutsedge - suppression purple nutsedge - suppression 2 to 3 weeks residual weed control

Sandea for POST Weed Control 1-3 inch 1-9 inch passionflower cocklebur redroot pigweed ragweed pokeweed velvetleaf yellow and purple nutsedge – heavy infestations may require sequential applications 2 to 3 weeks residual weed control

Pigweed Control by Sandea 0.67 oz PRE = 90 to 100% (tillage that disrupts herbicide layer will reduce control drastically) 0.5 to 0.75 oz POST = –85 to 100% for 0 to 2.5 inch tall –control goes downhill fast after 3” tall

Non-treated Control Sandea (0.5 oz/A) PRE W1-00. Halosulfuron study with Ken Lewis in Cordele.

Non-treated Control Sandea (0.5 oz/A) POST 2-leaf watermelon, 2” Palmer W1-00. Halosulfuron study with Ken Lewis in Cordele.

Nutsedge Control by Sandea 0.67 oz PRE = 65-80% for about 3 wk less control if applied under plastic 0.5 to 0.67 oz POST = 85 to 95% plus some residual

Sandea PRE No herbicide

Non-treated control Sandea (0.5 oz/A) 2 WAP

If Sandea is applied under drought stress IT WILL NOT WORK

Sandea Label Recommendations Row Middle: –avoid unnecessary contact with crop Application Info: –apply in a minimum of 15 GPA –do not use more than 2 oz per acre –use non-ionic surfactant for POST weed control –do not apply using air assisted (air blast) systems –do not apply through irrigation –do not apply when soil organophosphate insecticides are used

Carryover – Read Label 12 to 18 months –cabbage, radish, carrot, broccoli, cauliflower, collards, onion 24 months –spinach

Tank Clean Out is Essential Colquitt County, 2002, Glenn Beard.

Gowan Company &