Section 3 Chapter 7 Major Question, “How did Americans Differ on Major Cultural and Social Issues?”

Where Did Most People Live By The 1920s? More people lived in urban areas than ever before; city dwellers opposed many ideas of those from the country (vice versa).

What was Modernism? The emphasize over secular values and science over traditional religion. Many religious people saw Modernism as a threat to their way of life.

What Patterns in Education Appeared by the 1920s? Rural people placed great importance on simple school subjects: reading, writing, and math. Children should then go to work as farmers. Education patterns changed more people went to High School (More Education = More $).

What is Fundamentalism? A Protestant religious movement in the U.S. that placed importance on the literal truth of the Bible. They grew more powerful as a group in the 1920s.

What was the Scopes Trial? The case involved teaching Darwin’s theory of evolution in a Tennessee public school. The teacher was John Scopes (1925). It was also called the Monkey Trial. Tennessee law did not allow the teaching of evolution in public schools.

What was the Scopes Trial? Famous defense attorney Clarence Darrow defended Scopes. Former presidential candidate, and fundamentalist Christian, William Jennings Bryan helped the prosecution.

What was the Scopes Trial? Darrow questioned Bryan as an expert on the Bible and Bryan defended it as absolute truth (Darrow used science to attack Bryan). Scopes was found guilty; divisions were created in the U.S. by the trial (pro evolution and anti-evolution).

What was the Attitude Toward Immigration in the 1920s? Many people (nativists) were against further immigration. Congress passed a literacy test during WWI (need to read and write your own language to come into the U.S.). Events like the Red Scare made people suspicious of immigrants.

What was the Attitude Toward Immigration in the 1920s? Quota laws were passed in the U.S. to limit immigration (attitudes in the U.S.). They included the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 and the National Origins Act of 1924.

What was the Attitude Toward Immigration in the 1920s? The quota (National Origins Act) allowed immigration, by nationality, that was equal to 2% of their number as calculated in 1890 (low immigrant year for Eastern and Southern Europe).

What Challenges Faced Mexican Immigrants in the 1920s? Mexican people were not included in the quota system. They worked as agricultural workers and some worked in factories. Many were subject to discrimination.