Warm- Up CRCT Test Prep Questions 1. Which would be an example of an ethnic group? a. people who grow similar food b. people who share a language or religion c. people who share a belief in god or gods d. people who like to read the same literature 2. Which would be an example of a religious group? a. people who grow similar foods

Standard SS7G4 The student will describe the diverse cultures of the people who live in Africa. a. Explain the differences between an ethnic group and a religious group. b. Explain the diversity of religions within Arab, Ashanti, Bantu, and Swahili ethnic groups. c. Evaluate how the rate of literacy affects the standard of living.

Essential Question What are the differences between an ethnic group and a religious group?

Activator Students get in groups of two and explain what they know about an ethnic group and a religious group using a T-chart. (10 mins.)

Ethnic Groups Is a group of people who share cultural ideas and beliefs that have been a part of their community for generations. Characteristics: (may include) language, religion, a shared history, types of foods, and a set of traditional stories, beliefs, or celebrations. An ethnic group is a group of people who identify with one another, or are so identified by others, on the basis of a boundary that distinguishes them from other groups. This boundary may take any of a number of forms -- racial, cultural, linguistic, economic, religious, political -- and may be more or less porous. Because of this boundary, members of an ethnic group are often presumed to be culturally or biologically similar, although this is not in fact necessarily the case.

Religious Groups Shares a belief system in one god or gods, with a specific set of rituals and literature. People from different ethnic groups may share the same religion, though they may be from very different cultures. This theory began in the 18th century with the goal of recognizing the relative levels of civility in non-European societies.

Cultural Characteristics of Africa Today I will learn about the culture of Africa because the culture of a society includes: The beliefs, customs, laws, art, and ways of living that a group of people share.

Cultures of Africa Ethnic Group Language Spoken Religion Practiced Location(s)

Arab Mixed ethnic group made up of people who Speak Arabic, because it was necessary if one was to be able to read the Quran, Islam’s holy book. http://www.omniglot.com/soundfiles/udhr/udhr_ar.mp3 Most practice Islam Arab people began to spread into North Africa in late 600 A.D. 2 groups: Bedouin (nomadic tribes who live in deserts) Arabs (settle in one area) Arabic, like Hebrew, is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic Family. All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. (This is the translation of the Arabic hyperlink) Nomadic people move from one place to another in search of food and water for themselves andtheir herds.

Ashanti

Ashanti Religion: practice a mixture of spiritual and supernatural powers. Believe that all living things have souls. Live primarily in Ghana The Golden Stool (nations strength depends of safety of stool) Language: Asante

Bantu Bantu Migration. One of the largest migrations in human history Were farmers instead of hunter-gatherers Grew grain Herd cattle, sheep & other animals Worked with iron Bantu Migration. One of the largest migrations in human history http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/ca/books/bkf3/imaps/AC_06_206_bantu/AC_06_206_bantu.html Hundreds of Bantu-related languages that include many different ethnic groups, though they share a number of cultural characteristics Traditional tribal religions with a belief in a supreme being and political leadership being accompanied by religious responsibility a general label for 300-600 ethnic groups in Africa of speakers of Bantu languages, distributed from Cameroon east across Central Africa and Eastern Africa to Southern Africa. They form about 1/3 of Africa's total population of 1 billion (approximately 335,000,000).

Swahili Religions: Islam and traditional religions Located: East African coast from southern Somalia to northern Mozambique Swahili language is considered a Bantu language The word Swahili comes from Arabic word “Swahili”, which means “one who lives on the coast.”

Literacy Rates How is the standard of living affected by literacy?