1. SS7G4a: Explain the difference between an ethnic group and a religious group

2. Ethnic Group Religious Group Is a group of people who share cultural ideas and beliefs that have been a part of their community for generations. Common language, religion, history, types of food and set of traditional stories, beliefs and celebrations Shares a belief system in a god or gods, with a specific set of rituals and literature. People from different ethnic groups may share the same religion, though they may be from very different cultures.

3. SS7G4b: Explain the diversity of religions within the Arab, Ashanti, Bantu, and Swahili ethnic groups.

4. Arabs 1. Large population in Egypt and Morocco, and Sahel Region 2. Islam main religion 3. Arabs have married and had children with Africans. a. created an ethnic group called- Afro-Arabs b. mixture of Arab and African cultures & traditions

5. Ashanti 1. Major ethnic group in Ghana 2. Founded in 1701 by a holy man a. produced a Golden Stool from the heavens and gave it to an Ashanti king 1) stool symbolized Ashanti power 2) believe that as long as the stool remains with the Ashanti kingdom they will survive 3. Religious beliefs: a. supreme god or Nayme b. Abosom- is his children who represent all the natural powers and forces in the world c. all living things have a soul d. witches, demon spirits, and fairies have powers in the lives of men e. Ancestors are given great respect f. family rituals associated with birth, puberty, marriage and death 4. Some also practice Christianity, and Islam (Muslims)

6. Bantu 1. Includes a variety of ethnic groups a. share similar languages and are believed to descend from common ancestors. b. 60 Million people speak Bantu-based language 2. Originally from Central Africa but have migrated to Southern Africa a. one of the largest population movements in history 3. Brought advanced forms of agriculture and iron tools that aided in creating more farming and herding society 4. Religion: a. strong Arab (Muslim) presence b. Christians c. Traditional Animist Religion- belief that spirits are found in natural objects and surrounds such as rocks, trees, waterfall and other things in nature

7. Swahili 1. Live along the coast of Africa a. Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique 2. Most Swahili are Muslims a. mixture of African and Arabian culture 3. Swahili is considered a Bantu language 4. Swahili is Arabic which means “one who lives on the coast” 5. Most live in the city 6. Fishing and Trade 7. Mila- local beliefs a. spirits can possess a person b. practice of medicine and healing 1) herbal medicines and prayers and Rituals for cures

8. SS7G4c: Evaluate how the literacy rate affects the standard of living

9. Literacy 1. Ability to read and write affects the standard of living of a country 2. Gross Domestic Product is the value of all goods and services produced within a nation in a year and converted to US Dollars for comparison 3. The GDP is divided into a value called the per capita (or per person) 4. The per capita measures the general welfare or living conditions in the country a. High per capita: conditions are good b. Low per capita: conditions are bad 5. Many parts of Africa has a low literacy rate 6. Lack of education especially for girls

10. Country Total Literacy Rate Literacy of Males Literacy of Females GDP- Gross Domestic Product, per capita Burkina Faso21%21.8%15%$1300 Congo67%80.9%54.1%$300 Egypt71.4%83%59.45%$5500 Ghana51.9%66.4%49.8%$1400 Kenya85.1%90.6%79.7%$1700 South Africa86.4%87%85%$9800 Sudan61.1%71.8%50.5%$2200 U.S.99% $45800 Literacy Rates in Africa