Superposition of waves Standing waves on a string Interference Lecture 27: Wave interference.

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Superposition of waves Standing waves on a string Interference Lecture 27: Wave interference

Standing Waves

Standing Waves Standing wave

Standing wave on a string

Fundamental frequency and harmonics String of length L with fixed ends

Examples A wire has a length of 8m. The speed of waves on the wire is 240m/s. What is the fundamental frequency?

Examples A particular guitar string has a mass of 3.0 grams and a length of 0.75 m. A standing wave on the string has the shape shown in the figure. The wave has a frequency of 1200 Hz. (a) What is the speed of the wave? (b) What is the tension of the string? (c) The wave on the string produces a sound wave. Does the sound wave have the same frequency, wavelength, or speed as the wave on the string?

Interference Two or more traveling waves superimpose: interference

Interference and path length Two sources, waves emitted in phase. How do waves combine at P?

Example Two radio transmitters (A and B) are 12 m apart. They are driven by the same oscillator (i.e., they emit in phase) and generate waves of wavelength 2 m. How do the waves interfere at point P that is 16 m directly in front of source A?

Example Two loudspeakers emit waves of frequency 172 Hz. The speed of sound is 344 m/s. You are 8 m from speaker A. How close can you get to speaker B and have destructive interference?