POSTECH Technology What is it ? Sept, 2012 POSMIS Lab

POSMIS 2 Technology-1  Four characteristics of technology Opportunity Appropriability Transferability Resources  Types of technology Base Key Pacing MOT links engineering, science, and management disciplines to plan, to develop, and to implement technological capabilities to shape and accomplish the strategic and operational goals of an organization

POSMIS 3 Technology-2  Relationship of technologies to scientific and engineering knowledge and to products process Products Technologies Engineering and scientific knowledge PVC polymer sheet PVC molded parts Formulation of PVC resins Extrusion of thermoplastics Continuous sheet extrusion of thermoplastics Free radical chemistry polymer rheology vinylchloride chemistry

POSMIS 4 Technology-3  The ‘technical system’ of the early 19 th century

POSMIS 5 Technology-4  Science, technology and industry : a few examples Problems to be solvedScientific fieldsExisting techniquesTechnology To produce energy while reducing the dependence on imported oil Nuclear physics Science of heat Transformation of thermal energy into electrical energy Nuclear electricity To balance the brake system according to the grip of a vehicle ’ s wheels on the road Fluid mechanics Strength of materials Conventional brake system technique Microprocessor data analysis Transmission sensors ABS brake system To obtain a photographic print right after taking the photograph, without having the film processed by laboratory Optics Chemistry Miniaturization Isolation of chemicals Polaroid process

POSMIS 6 Technology-5  The pace of technological innovation Photography (112 years) Telephone (56 years) Electronic Engine (65 years) Radio (35 years) Vacuum tube (35 years) Television (12 years) Radar (15 years) Nuclear reactor (10 years) Atom bomb (6 years) Transistor (3 years) Solar battery (2 years) IC (1 years) Pentium Chip (6 months) iPod (3 months) Moore's Law : the power consumption of computer nodes doubles every 18 months Metcalfe's Law: the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system Hwang’s Law: the memory capacity of chips could be doubled every 12 months by Chang-gyu Hwang, former head of Samsung Electronics’ semiconductor business

POSMIS 7 Technology and Competition -1  Technological evolution and industry growth potential  EMERGENCE Emergence of a new industry as a result of a technological innovation E.g.: Microcomputers, biotechnologies Technological Innovation External Internal Industry (Formation of progress) A Growth Time A  REVITALIZATION Existing industry gains new growth potential as a result of a technological improvement in the production process or the product itself E.g.: Laser cutting of textiles (process), electronic toys (product) External Internal Industry B Growth Time B

POSMIS 8 Technology and competition -2  Technological evolution and industry growth potential (cont’d)  DECLINE Growth potential of existing industry declines as a result of a technological innovation concerning the very nature of the product E.g.: Greater resistance of rubber in the tire industry External Internal Industry C Growth Time C  SUBSTITUTION Emergence of a substitute product contributing to the decline of an existing industry and the growth of a new industry E.g.: Transistors v. Vacuum tubes, Laser discs v. LPs External Internal Industry D Growth Time D E