Hunting Incidents those which cause personal injury or death to any person as a result of a person’s actions while hunting those which cause personal injury or death to any person as a result of a person’s actions while hunting may be directly or indirectly related to the use of firearms may be directly or indirectly related to the use of firearms

4 main causes of hunting incidents 1.Hunters judgment -lack of good judgement victim moved in line of fire victim moved in line of fire victim covered by shooter swinging on game victim covered by shooter swinging on game victim out of sight of shooter victim out of sight of shooter victim mistaken for game victim mistaken for game

Shot in the face due to hunter judgment mistake:

2. Violations of Laws or Safety Rules- lack of preparation, common sense and good habits improper crossing of fence or difficult terrain improper crossing of fence or difficult terrain moving sporting arm from or placing it in vehicle moving sporting arm from or placing it in vehicle riding in vehicle with loaded firearm riding in vehicle with loaded firearm firearm falling from secure rest firearm falling from secure rest horseplay horseplay using firearm as a club or stick to move branches or to lean on using firearm as a club or stick to move branches or to lean on

3. Skill and Aptitude - lack of care and control trigger caught on object trigger caught on object loading or unloading firearm or bow loading or unloading firearm or bow shooter stumbling or falling shooter stumbling or falling

4. Mechanical failure - lack of preparation and examination obstructed barrel or improper ammunition obstructed barrel or improper ammunition defective ammunition/arrows defective ammunition/arrows defective firearm/bow defective firearm/bow

Nationally and in Texas, the most common incidents are : hunter judgement mistakes

The second most common type of hunting incident are caused by: safety rule violations or because of illegal actions by hunters.

The third most common mistakes are those which show lack of control and practice –when the going gets rough, unload your firearm first –use two-handed carry when possible

Ten Commandments of Shooting Safety: 1. Always point muzzle in a safe direction 2. Treat ever firearm or bow with the same respect you would show a loaded gun or knocked arrow 3. Be sure of your target and what is in front of and beyond your target

4. Unload firearms and unstring recurve and long bows when not in use

5. Handle firearms, arrows and ammunition carefully 6. Know your safe zone of fire and stick to it 7. Control your emotions when it comes to safety

8. Wear hearing and eye protection 9. Don’t drink alcoholic beverages or take drugs before or while handling firearms or bow and arrows 10. Be aware of additional circumstances which require added caution or safety awareness

The Unwritten Law: hunting ethics hunting ethics are personal codes by which we live by hunting ethics are personal codes by which we live by ethics deal with what is safe,proper and fair. ethics deal with what is safe,proper and fair. Ethics are sometimes known as morals and morals are generally right Ethics are sometimes known as morals and morals are generally right

An Example: it may be legal to shoot many times at an animal, hoping to hit it with one of the shots. But, is it ethical? Ethical hunters will not take shots outside of their effective range it may be legal to shoot many times at an animal, hoping to hit it with one of the shots. But, is it ethical? Ethical hunters will not take shots outside of their effective range Another way to look at ethics is the “4 C’s”. Another way to look at ethics is the “4 C’s”.

Hunting Ethics: personal codes by which we live by 4 C’s of Hunting Safety and Ethics: Careful Careful Courteous Courteous Considerate Considerate Capable Capable

CAREFUL A hunters commitment and attitude to basic rules of safety A hunters commitment and attitude to basic rules of safety

COURTEOUS A hunters behavior. To be courteous means to be polite or gracious A hunters behavior. To be courteous means to be polite or gracious

CONSIDERATE A hunters respect for others A hunters respect for others

CAPABLE A hunters ability including marksmanship, outdoor skills, knowledge level and good judgment. A hunters ability including marksmanship, outdoor skills, knowledge level and good judgment.

Who enforces the unwritten law? ALL OF US DO ALL OF US DO just like peer pressure can encourage us to violate laws and ethics, peer pressure can help us act responsibly just like peer pressure can encourage us to violate laws and ethics, peer pressure can help us act responsibly

Alcohol and Drugs important to make responsible choices about these two things important to make responsible choices about these two things Responsible hunters never go afield while they are intoxicated or under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Responsible hunters never go afield while they are intoxicated or under the influence of alcohol and drugs.

Body Functions Affected by Alcohol fine motor control(marksmanship) fine motor control(marksmanship) judgment(safe zone-of-fire, background,foreground) judgment(safe zone-of-fire, background,foreground) hearing(locating game or other hunters) hearing(locating game or other hunters) color perception(game identification) color perception(game identification) reaction time(quickness) reaction time(quickness) vision(game ID, safe zone-of-fire) vision(game ID, safe zone-of-fire) coordination(aiming,muzzle control) coordination(aiming,muzzle control)

PERSONAL CHOICE Hunters who follow safe, legal and ethical practices come to the level which allows them to make personal choices Hunters who follow safe, legal and ethical practices come to the level which allows them to make personal choices personal choices are influenced by many things personal choices are influenced by many things –how and where you were raised –your experience with hunting traditions –your understanding of conservation

Examples of Personal Choice Baiting Baiting deer with corn or protein pellets shooting shooting birds on the ground or in trees from a vehicle/boat animals which are harmful or cause damage

Landowner’s complaints about hunters hunters think landowners owe them free hunting hunters think landowners owe them free hunting don’t get permission to hunt don’t get permission to hunt don’t tel the landowner when they arrive or leave the property don’t tel the landowner when they arrive or leave the property make too much noise make too much noise leave litter leave litter

carry loaded firearms in vehicle carry loaded firearms in vehicle drive off ranch road drive off ranch road leave gates open leave gates open shoot too close to neighbors homes shoot too close to neighbors homes leave fires unattended leave fires unattended violate game laws violate game laws drink alcohol to excess drink alcohol to excess complain about poor success complain about poor success

Safety Dilemma You are hunting quail. You and your companions just flushed a covey of quail and are now heading towards the spot where a few landed. You are in the middle and one companion on your right. The companion on your left disappears behind the thicket. Suddenly three quail explode from in front of you. Two quail head toward the thicket to your left. One flies toward an area in front of your companion on the right. You are hunting quail. You and your companions just flushed a covey of quail and are now heading towards the spot where a few landed. You are in the middle and one companion on your right. The companion on your left disappears behind the thicket. Suddenly three quail explode from in front of you. Two quail head toward the thicket to your left. One flies toward an area in front of your companion on the right.

What would you do? What would you do? Shoot at one which flew left Shoot at one which flew left Shoot at one which flew right Shoot at one which flew right Not shoot Not shoot

Legal Dilemma You are blood-trailing a deer that you shot two hours earlier. You look up ahead and see the blood trail cross onto posted property on which you do not have permission to hunt. Both trespassing and game waste are illegal in your state. You know that the deer could not go much farther. IT STARTS TO RAIN! You are blood-trailing a deer that you shot two hours earlier. You look up ahead and see the blood trail cross onto posted property on which you do not have permission to hunt. Both trespassing and game waste are illegal in your state. You know that the deer could not go much farther. IT STARTS TO RAIN! What would you do? What would you do?

Go into the posted property Go into the posted property attempt to reach the landowner attempt to reach the landowner attempt to reach the game warden attempt to reach the game warden consider that you made every effort and leave it go consider that you made every effort and leave it go