A PRESENTATION “SEMINAR REPORT” ON “ GENERALIZED MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING“

 INTRODUCTION  OUTLINE  PRINCIPLES  A MODEL FOR SINGLE NETWORK  CIRCUIT SWITCH VS POCKET SWITCH  ADDERSING  WHY MPLS?  GMPLS & MPLS  Control interfaces  Differences between MPLS and GMPLS  MPLS and GMPLS Interworking  CONCLUSION  REFRENCES

 GMPLS stands for “Generalized Multi- Protocol Label Switching”  A previous version is “Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching”  Developed from MPLS  A suite of protocols that provides common control to packet, TDM, and wavelength services.  Currently, in development by the IETF

 Principles › Different types of connection-oriented networks  Technologies › Single network › Internetworking  Usage › Commercial networks › Research & Education Networks (REN)

 Packet-switched vs. circuit switched networks  Connection-oriented vs. connectionless modes of bandwidth sharing  Analytical models

 Hosts represent data sources and sinks  A switch moves data units from one link to another › enable sharing of a link's bandwidth  My definition of "switch:" the multiplexing scheme is the same on all the links (e.g., a network of SONET TDM switches or a network of Ethernet packet switches) Host Switch Link Switch

 Depends upon multiplexing technique used on interfaces › Position based multiplexing (circuit switch)  "Position" means time or frequency (wavelength) › Packet based multiplexing (packet switch)  Header-field information

 Where are host interface addresses used: › In connectionless packet-switched networks, destination addresses are carried in packet headers  hence we place this function as being in the data plane › In connection-oriented (circuit/VC) networks, these addresses are used in signaling messages (needed for call setup)  hence we place this function as being executed in the control plane

 MPLS stands for: “Multi-Protocol Label Switching”  Goals: › Bring the speed of layer 2 switching to layer 3  May no longer perceived as the main benefit: Layer 3 switches › Resolve the problems of IP over ATM, in particular:  Complexity of control and management  Scalability issues › Support multiple layer 2 technologies

 GMPLS is deployed from MPLS › Apply MPLS control plane techniques to optical switches and IP routing algorithms to manage lightpaths in an optical network  GMPLS made some modifications on MPLS › Separation of signaling and data channel › Support more types of control interface › Other enhancement

 Extend the MPLS to support more interfaces other than packet switch › Packet Switch Capable (PSC)  Router/ATM Switch/Frame Reply Switch › Time Division Multiplexing Capable (TDMC)  SONET/SDH ADM/Digital Crossconnects › Lambda Switch Capable (LSC)  All Optical ADM or Optical Crossconnects (OXC) › Fiber-Switch Capable (FSC)  LSPs of different interfaces can be nested inside another FSC LSC TDMC PSC

MPLS GMPLS MPLS  GMPLS extensions may be carried transparently across MPLS networks and may be used to compute a traffic-engineered explicit route across a mixed network. However, it is likely that a path computation component in an MPLS network will only be aware of MPLS TE information. Routing with single or multiple MPLS areas BR GMPLS BR MPLS

 The interworking discussion between MPLS and GMPLS is in an early stage but highly important.  Migration towards GMPLS is a medium-term process and therefore stable and interoperable interworking mechanisms must be specified.  A migration towards GMPLS enables the deployment and operation of new services (for example Layer 1 VPNs) as well as a time reduction of service provision (on demand services). Relevance for incumbent providers

 Provides a new way of managing network resources and provisioning  Provide a common control plane for multiple layers and multi-vendors  Fast and automatic service provisioning  Greater service intelligence and efficiency

 MPLS and GMPLS are promising technologies  ISPs are interested in MPLS and GMPLS  Whether the MPLS will replace ATM or not has no final answer  The efficacy of GMPLS may take years to prove

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