Chapter 19 Configuring Source-Route Bridging
Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: Describe the basic functions of source-route bridging (SRB) Configure source-route bridging Configure source-route transparent bridging Configure source-route translational bridging Verify source-route bridging operation
Source-Route Bridging
Source-Route Bridging Overview Explorer packets discover route destination X Y Token Ring 501 Token Ring 502 Token Ring 505 Token Ring 500 Bridge 2 Bridge 4Bridge 1 Bridge 3
Source-Route Bridging Operation Source chooses path to destination X Y Token Ring 501 Token Ring 502 Token Ring 505 Token Ring 500 Bridge 2 Bridge 4Bridge 1 Bridge RIF X Y RIF X Y
Routing Information Indicator Indicates routing information is contained in the frame Most significant bit of the source address Set by the source Destination SourceRIFData FCS Address RII
Routing information Field RCRD …. RIF Routing Control Type 0 X X 1 0 X 1 1 X Specific route All rings, all routes Spanning route Length Direction Largest Route Description Ring Number Bridge Number Contains control and path information
SRB Configuration Router (config-if) # source-bridge local-ring bridge-number target-ring Specifies the local bridge connection Router (config-if) # Source-bridge spanning Actives automatic spanning for an interface
SRB Configuration (cont.) Token Ring 500 Token Ring 501 Bridge 1 To0To1 Two Local Rings interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source-bridge spanning interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source-bridge spanning interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning
SRB Automatic Spanning Tree Configuration Token Ring Token Ring Token Ring 500 Token Ring 501 Token Ring Y X bridge 7 protocol ibm ! interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source bridge spanning 7 ! Interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning 7 bridge 7 protocol ibm ! interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source bridge spanning 7 ! Interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning 7
Multiport Configuration Token Ring 500 Bridge 1 Token Ring 501 Virtual Ring 10 Token Ring 502 Router (config) # source-bridge ring-group ring-group-number Creates a virtual ring
Multiport Configuration Example Token Ring 500 Token Ring 501 Bridge # 1 To0To1 source-bridge ring-group 10 interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source-bridge spanning interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning source-bridge ring-group 10 interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source-bridge spanning interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning Token Ring 502 To2
Proxy Explorer Token Ring Token Ring Token Ring Token Ring B A Z Router (config-if) # source-bridge proxy-explorer Enables the interface to send specifically frames to the destination
multiring Command SRB Token Ring 32 Token Ring 31 Source-Route Bridge Network Routed Network Routed Network Router (config-if) # multiring { keyword [ all-routes | spanning ] | all | other } Enables the collection and use of RIF information
Multiring Configuration Example SRB Token Ring 32 Token Ring 31 Source-Route Bridge Network Routed Network Routed Network interface tokenring 0 multiring ip ip address ipx network 33
Source-Route Transparent Bridging
Source-Route Transparent Bridging SRB Token Ring TB D Token Ring C Transparent bridging and source-route bridging traffic handled appropriately
SRT Operation Token Ring Token Ring RIF Has RIF ? Transparent Bridging ModuleSource-Route Bridging Module YES NO
SRT Configuration Example 500 SRT 501 C B A D Transparent Source Route bridge 4 protocol ieee source-bridge ring-group 10 ! interface ethernet 0 bridge-group 4 interface ethernet 1 bridge-group 4 interface tokenring 0 bridge-group 4 source-bridge source-bridge spanning interface tokenring 1 bridge-group 4 source-bridge source-bridge spanning
Source-Route Translational Bridging
Bridging Different Media with SR/TLB SRT Token Ring TB SRB Domain TB Domain Source-route translational bridging (SR/TLB) translates between transparent and SRB bridging SR/TLB handles: - MTU - RIF - Bit ordering - MAC address in data
B Source-Route Translational Bridging Token Ring C Pseudo Ring “Virtual” Bridge Group TB sees SRT as “Virtual” bridge group SRT sees TB pseudo ring RIF information added or removed
SR/TLB configuration Router (config-if) # Source-bridge transparent ring-group pseudo-ring bridge-number tb-group [ oui ] Enables bridging between the transparent bridge configuration and the source-route bridge configuration
SR/TLB Configuration Example 500 P.R. 13 Bridge 4 protocol ieee source-bridge ring-group 10 source-bridge transparent ! Interface ethernet 0 bridge-group 4 interface ethernet 1 bridge-group 4 interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source-bridge spanninng interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning Bridge 4 protocol ieee source-bridge ring-group 10 source-bridge transparent ! Interface ethernet 0 bridge-group 4 interface ethernet 1 bridge-group 4 interface tokenring 0 source-bridge source-bridge spanninng interface tokenring 1 source-bridge source-bridge spanning
Verifying Source- Route Bridging Operation
Verifying SRB Operation Router# show source-bridge Local Interfaces: max receive transmit srn bn trn rpsnhpcnt:bytes cnt:bytes drops TR * * 7 39: :62923 Ring Group 10: This peer: TCP Maximum output TCP queue length, per peer: 100 Peers:State lvpkts_rxpkts_txexpl_gndrops TCP TCP TCP open2* Rings: nb: 1 rn:5 local ma: b TokenRing0fwd:18 nb: 1 rn:2 remote ma: TCP fwd:36 Explorers: input output spanning all-ringstotalspanning all-ringstotal TR Router# Router# show source-bridge Local Interfaces: max receive transmit srn bn trn rpsnhpcnt:bytes cnt:bytes drops TR * * 7 39: :62923 Ring Group 10: This peer: TCP Maximum output TCP queue length, per peer: 100 Peers:State lvpkts_rxpkts_txexpl_gndrops TCP TCP TCP open2* Rings: nb: 1 rn:5 local ma: b TokenRing0fwd:18 nb: 1 rn:2 remote ma: TCP fwd:36 Explorers: input output spanning all-ringstotalspanning all-ringstotal TR Router#
Verifying SRB Operation (cont.) Router# show source-bridge Codes: * interface, - static, + remote Hardware Addr How Idle(min)Routing information Field 5c rg b0 5a tr0308b ff0 5b tr c00tr0* c00tr1* a8.4800tr rg ff0 Router# Router# show source-bridge Codes: * interface, - static, + remote Hardware Addr How Idle(min)Routing information Field 5c rg b0 5a tr0308b ff0 5b tr c00tr0* c00tr1* a8.4800tr rg ff0 Router#
Summary Transparent bridging is predominantly used in Ethernet environments Spanning-tree algorithm eliminates loops IRB is used in the following situations: To migrate a bridged network to a routed network To connect a remote site that does not have routing capabilities To conserve IP, IPX, and Apple Talk addresses To increase performances by keeping local bridged traffic local