Topic: Immunity Aim: Explain the two different types of immunity. Do Now: Explain what occurs when an antigen enters the body. HW: Castle Learning - Immune System. Due Thursday!

Immunity Resistance to a disease

2 types of Immunity

Active Immunity Long-term Acquired by:

1. coming into contact with pathogen

2. receiving vaccination = injection of weak or dead pathogen

How does a vaccine work? A. Vaccine injected

B. Body makes antibodies & memory cells

C. Antibodies attach to antigens and help fight the pathogen

D. Memory cells stay in blood and quickly make antibodies if exposed to same pathogen

Jonas Salk developed the first vaccine in 1955 which was against polio (which attacks motor neurons).

Measles symptoms may include: Bloodshot eyes, cough, fever light sensitivity, muscle pain, rash Usually appears days after the first signs of being sick and may last days. Usually starts on the head and spreads to other areas, moving down the body. Rash may appear as flat, discolored areas and solid, red, raised areas that later join together. Itchy’ Redness and irritation of the eyes (conjunctivitis)conjunctivitis Runny nose, sore throat Tiny white spots inside the mouth (Koplik's spots)

Rubella (Three day measles, German measles) Children generally have few symptoms. Adults may experience a fever, headache, general discomfort, and a runny nose before the rash appears. They may not notice the symptoms. Other symptoms may include: –Bruising (rare) –Inflammation of the eyes (bloodshot eyes) –Muscle or joint pain

Passive Immunity Temporary Acquired by receiving antibodies Acquired by:

1. Child receives antibodies in womb & during breastfeeding

2. Receiving antibodies orally or by injection

Let’s summarize… 1.Explain the difference between passive and active immunity. 2.Explain how someone can receive active immunity for a disease. 3.Explain the contents of a vaccine. 4.Explain how a person can receive passive immunity for a disease. 5.Why is passive immunity only temporary?

injuriesandconditions/vaccines/

1. Resistance to a specific disease is a(n) a.antibiotic. b. immunity. c. white blood cells. d. addiction 2. Once you have had the chicken pox, it is unlikely that you will ever get the disease again because your body has developed a(n) a.passive immunity. b. addiction. c. active immunity. d. antibiotic.

3. Immunity that occurs when a body makes its own antibodies is called _________immunity. a. Passive b. Temporary c. Shortened d. Active 4. An injection of a weakened virus that allows one to develop immunity against a disease is called a a. antibody b. vaccine c. epidemic d. pathogen

5. Which of the following parts of the body's defense system seeks out and destroys bacteria? a.mucus b. white blood cells c. skin d. red blood cells