EUROPEANS EXPLORE THE EAST CHAPTER 19
WHAT ENCOURAGED EXPLORATION? 1. WEALTH 2. SPREAD CHRISTIANITY 3. ADVANCES SAILINGSAILING TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY
DESIRE FOR WEALTH ► Trade of spices and other luxury goods from Asia High Demand=High Price=Wealth for Merchants ► Muslims and Italians Control of East to West trade routes Demand high prices from European merchants for their goods…cuts into European profits ► Solution Europeans need to find a sea route directly to Asia
SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY ► Crusades left a feeling of hostility between Christians and Muslims ► Europeans Continue Fighting Convert non-Christians throughout the World
BARTOLOMEU DIAS ► Portuguese explorer ► “to serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do”
ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY ► New ship design 1400’s Caravel ► Triangular sails allow the ship to sail against the wind. ► Magnetic compass
PORTUGAL LEADS EXPLORATION ► Government Support Prince Henry ► Wanted wealth and to spread Christianity ► Founded a navigation school Established multiple trading posts along the shores of Africa ► Gold ► Ivory ► Slaves, eventually
SEA ROUTE TO ASIA ► Began with Dias Gets around the Southern tip of Africa ► Vasco da Gama Reached Southwest India in 1498 ► Discovered spices, rare silks, and precious gems ► 27,000 mile voyage, direct sea route to India ► Hero’s welcome when he returned home
SPAIN ► 1492, Christopher Columbus Wants to find a route to Asia by sailing West across the Atlantic Ocean October 1492, Columbus reached an island in the Caribbean ► Sets the stage for exploration and conquest of the Americas ► Treaty of Tordesillas Spain and Portugal fight over control of the newly discovered lands Pope steps in to settle the disagreement 1494, Spain and Portugal will split the land-imaginary line.
TRADING IN THE INDIAN OCEAN ► Portugal-a trading empire Offer goods to Europeans at a cheaper price than the Muslims and Italians ► 1600’s, Portugal’s control of Indian Ocean trade is challenged by the English and the Dutch Dutch East India Company English East India Company