Foundation of American Government SSCG 1/2/7

Bell Ringer 1.) What is the cell phone rule in Ms. Arnold’s room? 2.) What is the food rule? And does Ms. Arnold sometimes provide snacks as reward? 3.) What must you do before speaking? Before getting up?

Agenda Unpack the Standard Mini Lesson on Hobbes, Locke, and Montesquieu Students will create a flip book about the three philosophers. Closing: blog link & reminder about current events

Standard SSCG1 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the political philosophies that shaped the development of United States constitutional government. a. Analyze key ideas of limited government and the rule of law as seen in the Magna Carta, the Petition of Rights, and the English Bill of Rights. b. Analyze the writings of Hobbes (Leviathan), Locke (Second Treatise on Government), and Montesquieu (The Spirit of Laws) as they affect our concept of government.

Aristotle The Greek philosopher Aristotle was one of the first to study government. He studied the polis, a state consisting of a city and the surrounding countryside, of the ancient Greeks. Greek words: politics, democracy, and republic.

Thomas Hobbes Social contract - by contract people gave up to the state the power needed to maintain order. The state, in turn, agreed to protect the citizens. In Leviathan, Hobbes set out his doctrine of the foundation of states and legitimate governments - based on social contract theories. “state of nature” – what life would be like without government.

Hobbes To escape this state of war, men agree to a social contract . The state of nature inevitably leads to conflict, a "war of all against all" and thus lives that are "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" (xiii). To escape this state of war, men agree to a social contract . Individuals give up natural rights for protection. Abuse of power is accepted for peace. Rebellion is expected when abuse is severe. Hobbes rejects separation of powers Hobbes believes Monarchy is best form of government

Locke John Locke took social contract a step further. People were endowed with the right of life, liberty, and property. To keep these rights, they willingly contracted to give power to a governing authority. When government failed to preserve the rights of the people, the people had the right to break the contract. He influenced the American Declaration of Independence.

Locke The Two Treatises of Government by John Locke. Government is necessary because people have not figured out a way to live in groups without conflict. The Second Treatise outlines a theory of political or civil society based on natural rights and contract theory.

Montesquieu The Spirit of Laws was published anonymously by Montesquieu. Montesquieu stressed separation of powers abolition of slavery preservation of civil liberties rule of law idea that politics and laws should reflect the social and geographical character of each particular community.

What major book they wrote Work Period Create a flip book about Hobbes, Locke, and Montesquieu. Include the following: What major book they wrote Their major beliefs about how government should work How you think they influenced American Government

Closing: Match the Philosopher with the correct statement Reminders: Check my blog daily for any missed assignments! https://msarnoldcedarshoals.wordpress.com/ We will be doing current events this Friday and MOST Fridays from here on out 

Bell Ringer: Match the philosopher with the correct statement One of the First to study government Believed in Separation of Powers in government and Against Slavery One of first to develop Social Contract Theory Believes individuals have natural rights of Life, Liberty and Property Hobbes Locke Montesquieu Aristotle

Agenda Review the Standard Mini Lesson on Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and Petition of Rights Comparison of documents to what you know about American Government Closing – Present Homework: Read the Declaration of Independence and answer the questions attached

Magna Carta “limited government” shaped the constitutional government of the U.S. In 1215, King John of England was forced to sign the Magna Carta Magna Carta required King John to proclaim certain rights, respect certain legal procedures, and accept that his will could be bound by the law. writ of habeas corpus, allowing appeal against unlawful imprisonment.

Petition of Right Petition of Right, 1628, a statement of civil liberties sent by the English Parliament to Charles I. The Petition of asserted four principles: no taxes may be levied without consent of Parliament no subject may be imprisoned without cause shown habeas no soldiers may be quartered upon the citizenry martial law may not be used in time of peace.

English Bill of Rights The English Bill of Rights names certain rights to which subjects and permanent residents of a constitutional monarchy were thought to be entitled. petition the monarch bear arms in defense It also sets out certain constitutional requirements of the Crown to seek the consent of the people, as represented in parliament.

Work Period Read the Document you are assigned with your group. List the similarities between the document and American Government.

Closing One person from each group present your findings.