TMS logo-Invasion from Earth! The Exploration of the Red Planet Mars INVASIONFROMEARTH! The Exploration of The Red Planet Mars

Mars through telescope fuzzily A Glimpse Close Enough to Spark the Imagination

Map of Mars Canals Mapping Canals on Mars – 1888

Burroughs Life on Mars by Burroughs - Welles - Bradbury

The Best Look From Earth Hubble Space Telescope Mars Opposition - 27 August 2003

The Best Look From Mars Orbit A Closer Look at Mars Mars Global Surveyor In Mars Orbit

4th Rock from the Sun MARS: The Fourth Rock From The Sun

The land area of the Earth/Mars/Moon The Land Area of the Earth is Approximately Equal to the Total Surface of Mars The Land Area of Africa is About the Same as the Total Surface of the Moon

Gravity Comparisons Mars Gravity is a Little Over 1 / 3 of Earth’s

Mars Atmosphere is 95% CO2 Mars’s Atmosphere is 95% Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )

Atmosphere is very thin Mars’s Atmosphere is Very Thin

Atmospheric Phenomenon - Dust Devils Atmospheric Phenomenon – Dust Devils

Planet-Wide Dust Storms

Martian Snowman Snow on Mars – Water or Carbon Dioxide?

Olympus Mons & Arizona Olympus Mons - Tallest Mountain in the Solar System

The Grand Canyon of Mars & USA Valles Marineris - The Grand Canyon of Mars

The Many Faces on Mars The Many Faces of Mars 1976–Viking 1999–Mars Global Surveyor 2003–Mars Global Surveyor

Life on Mars? ALH84001 Could There Be Life On Mars?

Mars is rich with water Mars is Rich with Water In the Soil and In the Ice Caps Mars Odyssey

Polar ice caps are mostly water Polar Ice Caps are Almost Entirely Water

Mars w/Oceans Mars as a Liquid Water World

USA - MGS - November 1966 USA – Mars Global Surveyor – November 1996

USA - MGS - August 2004 USA – Mars Global Surveyor – August 2004 August 20, 2004 August 18, 2004 August 17, 2004 August 19, 2004

USA – Mars 2001 Odyssey– April 2001

USA – Mars 2001 Odyssey– August 2004 August 18, 2004 August 19, 2004 August 20, 2004

Japan – Nozomi – July 1998

ESA – Mars Express / Beagle 2 – June 2003 ESA – Mars Express - June 2003

ESA – Mars Express - August 2004 ESA – Mars Express– August 2004 August 11, 2004 August 5, 2004 August 16, 2004

USA – Mars Exploration Rovers 1 & 2 – June 2003

First Looks at Mars “Opportunity” - January 25, 2004 “Spirit” - January 4, 2004 “Pathfinder/Sojourner” - July 4, 1997

On the Beach at Meridiiani On the Beach at Meridiani

Latest from Spirit Latest Images from Spirit in Gusev Crater - August 2004 August 20, 2004 August 18, 2004

Latest from Opportunity Latest Images from Spirit in Meridiani Planum - August 2004 August 18, 2004

Robots Can’t React to the Unexpected

Teleoperated Light Speed Constraints Speed of Light – It’s Not Just a Good Idea, It’s the Law!

Robotic Recognition Limitations

Human-Robot Synergy Humans and Robots as Partners

How will we get people to Mars?

NASA – MRM - ISS docked NASA – Mars Reference Mission 1.0 (Mars Semi-Direct)

NASA – MRM - Mars Base Just Landed NASA – Mars Reference Mission 3.0 (Mars Semi-Direct)

ESA European Space Agency (ESA) by

Energia – Heavy Lift Vehicle RSC Energia – To Mars by

China China National Space Administration (CNSA)

the 90 Day Report 2 NASA’S 90-Day Report Massive Spacecraft Metric Tons - Over 300 feet Long - Carries All Fuel and Supplies for Return Assembled in Orbit at ISS Lunar Base and O 2 Production Facility Large Nuclear Rockets for TMI Venus Flyby for Gravity Assist Days at Mars - 30 Days on Surface - Flags & Footprints Mission 600 Day Round Trip $450 BILLION FOR ONE TRIP!

Mars Direct - Zubrin & Case for Mars The Mars Society – Mars Direct Dr. Robert Zubrin

Lewis & Clark- T he Next Generation Lewis & Clark Expedition – The Next Generation

Mars Direct - Every 2 Years Concept The Mars Society – Mars Direct

MARS: Mars Analog Research Stations-Original Concept Mars Direct - Original Concept

Mars Direct - Setting up the first base The Mars Society – Mars Direct “Mission to Mars” © 2000 by Touchstone Pictures

FMARS Crew 9 - Crew M.A.R.S.: Mars Arctic Research Stations - Crew 9 Jason Held Blajez Blazejowski Ákos Kereszturi Judd Reed Shannon Rupert Robles Joan Roch Louise Wynn

FMARS Crew 9 M.A.R.S.: Mars Arctic Research Stations - Crew 9

MDRS Complex M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - Desert

San Diego Members to MDRS San Diego Goes to Mars! Shannon Rupert-Robles Biologist MDRS Crews 4/14/21 Gerry Williams Filmmaker MDRS Crew 2 Jonathan Butler Biologist MDRS Crew 14 Dave Rankin Lawyer MDRS Maintenance Crew John Stone Electrical Engineer MDRS Maintenance Crew

MarsOz 2004 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - MARS-Oz 2004

EuroHab 2003 M.A.R.S.: Mars Analog Research Stations - EuroHab

The Mars Society – An International Organization

The “New” New World is Within Reach

Congratulations to SpaceShipOne! Congratulations to SpaceShipOne – First Private Spacecraft! — Monday, June 21, 2004 — Congratulations to SpaceShipOne – First Private Spacecraft! — Monday, June 21, 2004 —

TMS-SD presentation a presentation of The Mars Society San Diego