Skin and Immune System Nicole Kim and Jay Ahn

Skin covers and protects body from: injury infection water loss eliminates wastes gather information about the env’t produce vitamin D

protecting the body forms a barrier that keeps disease causing microorganisms and harmful substances out of the body helps keep important substances inside the body prevents loss of important fluids like water

Maintaining Temperature  When you are too warm, blood vessels in your skin enlarge, increasing the amount of blood that flows through them   This change allow heat to move from your body to the outside by sweat glands in the skin producing perspiration   As the sweat evaporates, the skin is cooled

Eliminating Wastes Perspiration contains dissolved waste materials that comes from the breakdown of chemicals during cellular processes Skin is helping eliminate wastes when you perspire Wastes coming from breakdown of proteins are eliminated in perspiration

Gathering Information the skin gathers information about the environment through the sense of touch (e.g.) senses heat, cold, softness, hardness, the shape and size of an object

Skin Parts

Sweat Glands coiled, tube like glands found in the dermis or the lower part of the skin 2 to 4 million sweat glands across the body most are eccrine glands

Skin disorders related to epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. can be due to bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. sign of imbalance in your system

Pathogens pathogens- organisms that cause disease Bacteria Viruses Fungi Protists

Skin Disorders include diseases such as: acne - an inflammatory disease involving the sebaceous glands of the skin; characterized by papule or pustules or comedones skin cancer - Skin cancer is a malignant growth on the skin which can have many causes.

Cause of Skin Cancer Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the main cause of skin cancer UV rays damage DNA, the genetic material that makes up genes If the genetic damage is severe, a normal skin cell may begin to grow in the uncontrolled, disorderly way of cancer cells

Signs of Skin Cancer A new growth on the skin. A change in an existing skin growth. A sore that does not heal.

Signs of Skin Cancer (continued)

How To Prevent Skin Cancer reduce sun exposure shade your skin remember about reflection avoid tanning salons examine your moles and your freckles

Why Do Acne Form? Acne is a skin disorder which is caused by plugged pores on the skinpores It occurs when the pores plugs up

How To Prevent Acne Don’t mess with your skin Don’t go to bed with makeup on Try to wash your skin constantly Pull your hair away from your skin before you sleep

Immune system -body system that protects the organism by fighting off pathogens The body system in humans and other animals that protects the organism by distinguishing foreign tissue and neutralizing potentially pathogenic organisms or substances.

Different Kinds Of Immunity Innate Immunity : is a general protection humans have when born Adaptive Immunity : immunity that develops through the course of our lives Passive Immunity : is borrowed from another source and lasts for a short time Active Immunity: is immunity that develops after one has already had a disease

Active Immunity a person obtains active immunity when their own immune system produces antibodies in response to presence of a pathogen results from getting a disease or being vaccinated lasts long ex: chicken pox

Passive Immunity A person obtains passive immunity when antibodies that fight the pathogen come from a source other than the person’s body results when antibodies are given to a person lasts short (no more than a few months) ex: babies acquiring passive immunity to some diseases before birth

What Is The Immune System Made Up Of? Killer T Cells : help destroy the virus B Cells : factories in our body that make antibodies Skin : the first layer of defense which keeps out harmful bacteria outside the body Helper T Cells : helps find harmful pathogen

1st, 2nd, 3rd Lines of Defense 1st Line of Defense : the skin 2nd Line of Defense : white blood cells, T cells 3rd Line of Defense : attack through release of antibodies

Bibliography wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_cancerhttp

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