Introducation to Critical Care Nursing DR. Samah Mohammed 2014 – 2015

Out lines Introduction. Define of critical care. Define of Critical care unit. Define of critical care nursing. Define of critical care nurse. Aim of critical care nursing. Critical care nurse role responsibilities.

INTRODUCTION The intensive care unit is not merely a room or series of room filled with patients attached to interventional technology; it is the home of an organization: the intensive care team.

Definition of terms Definition of critical care : is term used to describe as care for patients who are extremely ill and whose clinical condition is unstable. Definition of Critical care unit: is a specially designed and equipped facility staffed by skilled personnel to provide effective and safe care for dependent patients with a life threatening problem.

AIM OF THE CRITICAL CARE 1. promote optimal delivery of safe and quality to the critically ill patients and their families 2. care for the critically ill patients with a holistic approach, biological, psychological, cultural and spiritual dimension 3. use appropriate and up – to –date knowledge, caring attitude and clinical skills, supported by advanced technology for prevention, early detection and treatment. 4. provide palliative care to the critically ill patients in situations.

What are the condition considered as critical? Any person with life threatening condition. Sever shock Heart block Acute renal failure Poly trauma ( multiple organ failure ) Sever burn Any critical Abnormalities

Types of critical care New natal intensive care unit ( NICU). Special care nursery ( SCN). Pediatric intensive care unit ( PICU). Psychiatric intensive care unit ( PICU). Coronary care unit ( CCU). Cardiac surgery intensive care unit ( CSICU) Cardiovascular intensive care unit ( CICU)

Types of critical care Medical intensive care unit ( MICU) Medical surgical intensive care unit ( MSICU) Overnight intensive recovery ( OIR). Neurointensive care unit ( NICU). Burn intensive care unit ( BICU). Trauma intensive care unit ( TICU) Shock trauma intensive care unit ( STICU)

ICUS CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS Level I: This can be referred as high dependency is where close monitoring, resuscitation, and short term ventilation <24hrs has to be performed. Level II: Can be located in general hospital, undertake more prolonged ventilation. Must have resident doctors, nurses, access to pathology, radiology, etc. Level III: Located in a major tertiary hospital, which is a referral hospital. It should provide all aspects of intensive care required.

Definitions of terms Definition of Critical care nursing: defined as is that specialty within nursing that deals specifically with human responses to life-threatening problems. Definition of critical care nurse: defined as is a licensed professional nurse who is responsible for ensuring that all critically ill patients and their families receive optimal care.

Principles of critical nursing care Priorities of patients. Early detection and promote action. Collaborative practice. Communication : interpersonal, intradepartmental Crisis intervention and stress reduction. Critical thinking.

Characteristic of Critical care nurse to be consider in recruiting critical care nurses have: Technical qualification Educational background Clinical experience Have knowledge

Critical Care Nurses Role Responsibilities Support and respect for the patients autonomy. Helping the patient to obtain the necessary care. Continuous monitoring. Efficient individualized care. Counseling and information to family. Application of policy and procedure. Record all activities. Maintain infection control principles. Keep update with advance information.

Protocol for managing emergency in ICU Quick review of patient identity, history, physical exam. Be with the patient ask for help. Place the patient with the suitable position. Attach the cardiac monitor and call for crash cart. Maintain ABC. Introduce IV & CV line.

Protocol for managing emergency in ICU Administered medication as needed carry on investigation ABG, ECG, Urea, Creatinine, Blood sugar, cardiac enzymes. Maintain fluid balance Record right things in right time.

Intensive Care Team Doctor Nurses Therapists Nutritionists Environmental engineer Interior designers Staff nurses Physicians Patients Families

The Evolution OF Critical Care Forty years of development in critical care and critical care nursing has given rise to a recognized specialty in nursing practice . Critical care units have evolved over the last four decades in response to medical advances .

Bennett, D. et al. BMJ 1999;318:1468-1470