Power Supply and Cooling Chapter 4 Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 2 of 34Chapter 4 Objectives  Discuss the power supply unit  Discuss power supply components and connectors  Discuss cooling devices for the system  Troubleshooting SMPS Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 3 of 34Chapter 4 Power Supply  Accepts the Alternate Current (AC) supply from the power socket in the wall and converts the AC supply to the Direct Current (DC). Now a days power supplies are available in the range of 250W to 400W  Supplies 3.3V, 5V, and 12V to the different components of the system Release 22/10/2010powered by dj Disk Drive Connectors Motherboar d Connector Power Plug Power Supply Fan Cover

Slide 4 of 34Chapter 4 Functions of the Power Supply  Converts AC to DC to supply various components  Generates high-frequency signals during the electric current conversion from AC to DC  Packed in a metal box to prevent damage to system due to high-frequency signals Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 5 of 34Chapter 4 Output Voltages  Various voltages provided by the power supply are: -12 V (Blue) – required by some of the serial ports -5 V (White) – required by some older floppy controllers and ISA bus cards 0 V (Black) - ground +3.3 V (Orange) – required by processor, DIMMs, PCI/AGP cards +5 V (Red) – required by voltage regulators, ISA cards, SIMMs and disk drive logic +12 V (Yellow) – used by drive motors and cooling fans Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 6 of 34Chapter 4 Power Supply Control Signals  Power supplies are operated using different control signals  Different control signals are: PG Signal (5V Grey) Power-On (PS_ON) (5V Green) +5VSB (Violet) – Always on when AC power input is active, even if the system is turned off Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 7 of 34Chapter 4 Question for GD Time Limit – 3 Mins  What are the different control signals of a SMPS? Release 22/10/2010powered by dj Sl.Control Signals 1 2 3

Slide 8 of 34Chapter 4 Form Factors of Power Supply – I  Represents size and shape of the power supply  Must match the form factor of the system case and the motherboard Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 9 of 34Chapter 4 Form Factors of Power Supply – II  Different Form Factors Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) – Uses NLX power supply. Does not have a power outlet to connect to monitor. New Low Profile Extended (NLX) - NLX motherboard also uses a riser board for the expansion of bus slots and uses true ATX power supplies. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 10 of 34Chapter 4 Form Factors of Power Supply – III Small Form Factor Extended (SFX) – Has two fans to cool the whole system. The output of SFX power supply unit is 90W and is used on smaller systems that do not require a lot of power. Low Profile Extended (LPX) - Is also known as slimline form factors because its cases are known as slimline cases. The main goal of this form factor is size reduction. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 11 of 34Chapter 4 Question for GD Time Limit – 4 Mins  What is the significance of form factor on designing the SMPS? Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 12 of 34Chapter 4 Components of the Power Supply  Power supply unit consists of different functional components  Different components of the power supply are: Power Connectors Power supply Fans Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 13 of 34Chapter 4 Power Connectors – I  Electrical connector used to carry DC or low frequency AC power  Connectors carrying small amount of power are called signal connectors Types of connectors AT power connectors ATX power connectors Standard Peripheral connector Floppy Drive power connectors 2/3 Pin Mini Plug type connectors Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 14 of 34Chapter 4 Power Connectors – II  AT Power Connector - Two 6 wire connectors named P8 & P9 which are to be connected to the mother board with black wires inside. PC/XT, AT, Baby AT and LPX form factors use AT power connectors  ATX Power Connector – 20/24 pin single connector with mainly 6 types of voltages coming out of it. ATX/NLX form factors use the ATX style power connectors Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 15 of 34Chapter 4 Question for GD Time Limit – 4 Mins  What are the different components of a power supply unit? Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 16 of 34Chapter 4 Power Connectors – III  ATX Power Connector - 24 pin SMPS connector is built with ATX style of power connector.  4 additional pins number 11, 12 and 23 carry the voltage +12 V, +3.3 V and +5 V respectively. Pin number 24 is connected to the Ground. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 17 of 34Chapter 4 Power Connectors – IV  Standard Peripheral Power Connector (Molex) - Use 4 wire connectors. Hard disk drive, CD/DVD drives use this larger size connectors  Floppy Drive Power Connector (Mini/Berg) inch floppy disk drive use smaller size connectors, called as mini- plug Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 18 of 34Chapter 4 PCI-E Connector  Is a 6 pin connector used to provide extra 12 volt power to PCI Express expansion cards. PCI Express motherboard slots can provide a maximum of 75 watts. Many video cards draw significantly more than 75 watts so the 6 pin PCI Express power cable was created. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 19 of 34Chapter 4 Question for GD Time Limit – 4 Mins  Ask the students to write down the output voltage of different color codes of SMPS? Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 20 of 34Chapter 4 Power Supply Fan  Used for cooling the system  Located at rear end of power supply unit  Ball bearing fans are more reliable and are long lasting as compared to sleeve bearing fans Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 21 of 34Chapter 4 Factors to be considered before selecting power supply  Size – Should fit in your system case  Connectors – No. of connectors should be more  Wattage – Computers have rating between 300 – 350W and servers have rating 350 – 400W  More information: Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 22 of 34Chapter 4 Practical  Perform the activity mentioned in Lab no. 1 in the text book: To install and uninstall a power supply unit in the system. Click on the image to run the video. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 23 of 34Chapter 4 SMPS Uninstall Video Release 22/10/2010powered by dj Click on the image to run the video.

Slide 24 of 34Chapter 4 Types of Cooling Systems - I  System produces heat while it is functioning that can damage the internal components of the system  Fans - System case and the system power supply have a fan in it that helps channel air flow in or out from the system case  Heat sink - Heat sink is used to cool the microprocessor and the other chips on the system Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 25 of 34Chapter 4 Types of Cooling Systems - II  Thermal grease or heat sink compound - Thermal paste or heat sink compound is a fluid substance with grease properties.  Liquid submersion cooling - In this system, all the computer parts are submerged in a thermally conductive liquid. This liquid must have low electrical conductivity in order to make sure that, it will not interfere the normal operation of the computer components. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 26 of 34Chapter 4 Types of Cooling Systems - III  Liquid cooling system - Liquid cooling is a radiator for the CPU. Liquid cooling system circulates a liquid through a heat sink to the processor of the computer.  Heat is transferred from the processor to the cooler liquid. This hot liquid moves out to a radiator at the back of the case. The radiator transfers the heat to open air outside the case. The cooled liquid is then transferred back to the system and the process continues. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 27 of 34Chapter 4 Question for GD Time Limit – 4 Mins  What is a cooling system and list the different types of cooling systems? Release 22/10/2010powered by dj Sl.Types of Cooling System

Slide 28 of 34Chapter 4 Air Flow  Use an ATX form factor system - Due to the flow direction of the air from the ATX power supply unit, this form factor is preferred.  Use a large system case – A larger system case allows better flow of the air in the system.  Arrange the internal components – Each component should be placed approximately ¼ inches apart from each other.  Keep the system clean –This protects the system from air blocks due to dust. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 29 of 34Chapter 4 Practical  Perform the activity mentioned in Lab no. 2 in the text book: To install a system case fan. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 30 of 34Chapter 4 Troubleshooting  Various tools can be used to troubleshoot SMPS problem  Due to a faulty power supply, the components of the system may also get damaged  Problem that may occur are: Power Supply Fan does not Work or Emits a lot of Sound Before Opening SMPS Troubleshooting PC problems without opening SMPS Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 31 of 34Chapter 4 Practical  Perform the activity mentioned in Lab no. 3 in the text book: To test the SMPS before opening. Click on the image to run the video. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 32 of 34Chapter 4 Summary – I  Power supply unit supplies power to different system components  Power supply unit converts AC current to DC current  Different form factors are PC/XT, AT, Baby AT, LPX, ATX (NLX), SFX, and WTX  Different components such as power connectors and power supply fan  Heat sink compound, liquid cooling system, liquid submersion cooling, fans and heat sinks are different types of cooling system  Troubleshooting power supply problems is also an essential task for maintaining the system Release 22/10/2010powered by dj

Slide 33 of 34Chapter 4 Explorative Work  Refer to Internet, reference books or magazine to get the information.  Do not copy the information provided in this text book.  Consult your faculty for further guidance. Release 22/10/2010powered by dj SMPS Sl.MakeWattage No. of Molex connectors available 20/24 pin ATX Connector Total no. of peripheral connectors Approx. Cost Year of Release

Slide 34 of 34Chapter 4 Mind Map  Draw a mind map to summarize this chapter Release 22/10/2010powered by dj