What are the main differences between the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and NATO?

American Foreign Policy Post-WWII U.S. History Mrs. Sadler U.S. History Mrs. Sadler

Developments In Asia  Civil War re- breaks out in China.  Nationalists (Chiang Kai-shek) vs. Communists (Mao Zedong)  Civil War re- breaks out in China.  Nationalists (Chiang Kai-shek) vs. Communists (Mao Zedong)

Communist China  Oct Communists establish People’s Republic of China (PRC)  Nationalists flee to Taiwan (Formosa)  U.S will not formally recognize China until 1979 under Nixon.  Sept. 1949, USSR detonates atom bomb and by 1950 USSR and China sign treaty of friendship and alliance.  Oct Communists establish People’s Republic of China (PRC)  Nationalists flee to Taiwan (Formosa)  U.S will not formally recognize China until 1979 under Nixon.  Sept. 1949, USSR detonates atom bomb and by 1950 USSR and China sign treaty of friendship and alliance.

Crisis #2 - Korean War  June July 1953  Tensions between USA & USSR extended around world  New Communist govts. In China & other Asian countries  Conflict between capitalism in south and Communism in north  Domino effect  June July 1953  Tensions between USA & USSR extended around world  New Communist govts. In China & other Asian countries  Conflict between capitalism in south and Communism in north  Domino effect

Causes of Conflict in Korea  USSR controlled/influenced N.Korea  US established democratic govt. in South Korea (with military backing)  Syngman Rhee (S.Korea) & Kim Il Sung (N.Korea) BOTH claim to be president of all Korea  USSR controlled/influenced N.Korea  US established democratic govt. in South Korea (with military backing)  Syngman Rhee (S.Korea) & Kim Il Sung (N.Korea) BOTH claim to be president of all Korea

Main events  N.Korean forces pushed S.Korean into small area around Pusan  Truman called on support on UN Security Council (USSR also permanent member but boycotting meetings after refusal to admit China to UN)  N.Korean forces pushed S.Korean into small area around Pusan  Truman called on support on UN Security Council (USSR also permanent member but boycotting meetings after refusal to admit China to UN)

The War  UN forces drove N.Korean troops back to Yalu River  China joined forces with N.Korea (not wanting a non-communist neighbour)  UN forces driven back  General MacArthur called for use of atomic bomb  Fighting settled around 38 th parallel  1953, truce signed at Panmunjom  UN forces drove N.Korean troops back to Yalu River  China joined forces with N.Korea (not wanting a non-communist neighbour)  UN forces driven back  General MacArthur called for use of atomic bomb  Fighting settled around 38 th parallel  1953, truce signed at Panmunjom Why was MacArthur (above) both the right and the wrong man for the job?

 Korean War example of successful containment (for US)  Success for UN (although it was US puppet)  China no longer weak  Massive damage to Korea – 1 in 10 of population killed Massive damage to Korea  UN seen as a puppet of US  Increased mistrust – founding of SEATO (SE Asia Org, copy of NATO), OAS (Org. of American States)  US will no longer rely on diplomacy – beginnings of military build-up. Korean farmer & his family fleeing from the fighting. Why would the US wish to prevent images like these reaching the American public? Consequences