Chapter8 The vi Editor

Introduction to vi u Modes of Operation u The Work Buffer  During the editing session, vi make all changes in the buffer  Advantage l 오동작으로 원하지 않은 결과가 발생했을 때, 파일에 저장되지 않도록 할 수 있다.  Disadvantage l 시스템이 다운될 경우, 편집한 결과가 모두 소멸될 수 있다. Input mode Command mode Last Line mode ESC Insert, Append, Replace … Enter :

Basic (Loading and Saving files) u vi [filename] - start vi ( edit filename) u vi +[number, /string] - begin with start line, first matching string, relatively u :e filename - edit filename u :q - terminate vi without saving u :q! - terminate vi, leave file unchanged u :w - save edited file, stay in vi u :r filename - read in text in filename

Command mode - Moving the Cursor u l,h,j,k - move right, left, down, up u w,b,e - move right one, left one, to end of word u W,B,E - equivalent above except the space delimited word u -,Enter - move start of upper line, start of next line u ^,$ - move start of line, end of line u +u,d,b,f - move screen one half-page up, one half page down, one page up, one page down in text u H,M,L - move left end of top, middle line, bottom line u G - move to last line u nG - move to nth line

Input Mode u i - insert before the cursor u a - append after the cursor u o - insert the text on a new line after the current line u r - replace the current one character, automatically return to command mode u I - insert the text at start of line u A - insert the text at end of line u O - insert the text on a new line before the current line u R - overwrite all character until press u - return to command mode

Command mode - Deleting text u x - delete the character under the cursor u dw - delete to the of word u dW - delete to end of space delimited word u D - delete to end of line u dd - delete the current line u u - undo the last change made u U - restore current line to previous state

Command mode - Changing text u cw - change to end of word u cb - change to begin of word u cW - change to end of space delimited word u cB - change to begin of space delimited word u cc - change the current line

Searching for a String u The Search Commands  /xxx - search forward for text string xxx  ?xxx - search backward for text string xxx  / - repeat search forwards  ? - repeat search backwards  n - repeat search in same direction  N - repeat search in opposite direction u Special Characters in Search Strings  ^ - the beginning-of-line indicator  $ - the end-of-line indicator . - the any character indicator  \> - the end-of-word indicator  \< - the beginning-of-word indicator  [ ] - the character class definition

Substituting One String for Another u [address]s/search-string/replace-string[/g] u address  number - line number  77,100 - line 77 through 100  1,. - the beginning of the work buffer through the current line .,$ - the current line through the end of work buffer  1,$ - the entire work buffer  % - the entire work buffer ., the current line through the tenth following line

Miscellaneous Commands u J - join command u -g - status command (line number of current line, total number of line)  End line mode - :f u. - period command (repeat the most recent command that made a change) u ~ - tilde command (change between lowercase and uppercase)

The Put, Delete and Yank Commands u The General Purpose Buffer  Store the text that you most recently changed, deleted and yanked.  Undo command uses the general purpose buffer when it restores text u y - yank command  yy, Y - yank the current line  nyy, nY - yank the n line from current line u p - paste the text on a new line after the current line u P - paste the text on a new line above the current line

Reading and Writing Files u Read Command  :[address]r [filename] u Write Command  :[address]w[!] [filename] - overwrite mode  :[address]w>>filename - append mode  address - the same as substitution command

Setting Parameters u Setting Parameters in a Startup File  Bourne and Korn shell -.profile EXINIT = ‘set param1 param2 …’ export EXINIT  C shell -.login setenv EXINIT = ‘set param1 param2 …’ .exrc set param1 param2 … u Parameters  :set all - show all parameter  number, nonumber - show line number, hide line number  wrapmargin=nn - break the line by inserting character at the closest blank delimited word boundary l nn - the number of character from the right side of the screen

Setting Parameters u Parameters (Cont.)  Shell[=pathname]  showmode, noshowmode - give a cue to let you know when vi is in Input Mode  flash, noflash - beep when give invalid command or press in Command Mode  ignorecase, noignorecase - ignore case in search  magic, nomagic - special characters in search strings have no special meanings (except ^, $)  list, nolist - show -> ^I, end of line -> $  wrapscan, nowrapscan  autoindent, noautoindent  shiftwidth=nn

Units of Measure u Character u Word -,,, numeral, punctuation marks u Line - u Sentence - period, exclamation point, question mark, followed by two or a u Paragraph - blank line u Screen