Chapter 1 What is the Internet?. The Wired World of the Internet Who runs the Internet? Collection of thousands of networks RFCs, users’ agreement about.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 1 What is the Internet?

The Wired World of the Internet Who runs the Internet? Collection of thousands of networks RFCs, users’ agreement about procedures & standards for protocols ARPAnet, 1969 NSFnet, 1980s IAB, the Internet Activity Board W3C LANs, Ethernet Local Area Networks ISPs

The Wired World of the Internet Connection channels: - Leased Lines: telephone line, fiber optic cable with microwave links and satellite transmissions. - Backbones: High-capacity lines – vBNS with 155 Mbps Future Plan is “Internet2”

Information Travel TCP breaks it to (Packets) Computer sent it to the ISP Sending Information Hardware: 1.Hubs 2.Bridges 3.Gateways 4.Repeaters 5.Routers

Information Travel Mid-Level Networks: 1) LANs 2) WANs

TCP/IP, Winsock, MacTCP Packets: pieces of Information Internet: packet-switched network TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Breaks down & reassembles the packets IP (Internet Protocol): Making sure the packets are sent to the right destination

TCP/IP, Winsock, MacTCP TCP/IP needs special software/ socket: - Winsock: PCs - MacTCP: Macintoshs A socket is necessary for full access to the Internet Another protocols: - SLIP: Serial Line Internet Protocol - PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol

Addresses & Domains IP: a series of 4 numbers Ex DNS (Domain Name System) developed by Sun Microsystems,1980s Easier way to keep track of addresses Domains: group of computers on the Net It helps in sending s Ex.

Web Connection Web connection parts: - Desktop (client), ISP, Host (server) and telecommunication Client needs: - PC, fast modem + telephone line, browser and communication program BrowserComm. Pro. ISP Sending instructionsDials the modem Retrieve pages or documents

Web Connection InterNIC: handles domain names Host computers: - Handle multiple telecommunications - Have gigabytes of hard-disk - Have considerable RAM

Internet File Types Files requirements: - Software (Plug-Ins) - Hardware - Downloading Internet files: 3 kinds - First is (ASCII) American Standard Code for Information Interchange Ex. PostScript files (.ps) + Acrobat reader (.pdf)

Internet File Types - Second: (EBCDIC) Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code This type is like (ASCII) but used on Mainframe computers - Third is (Binary): - Bits: 0s – 1s Ex:.Jpeg -.gif -.avi -.wav -.mpeg - Binary files are large, need hardware/ software, and sometimes need to connect to the Net for streaming multimedia

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