Steve Crawford Environmental Director NTF JUNE 2-4, 2009 Chair, TAMS Steering committee Chair, USET Natural Resource Committee Member, NTWC Member, NTC Member, TEPAC

 Solar Power  Photo-voltaics  Geothermal  RGGI review  Algae biomass  Windpower  Tidal power  Waste to energy Project  Bunch of thoughts

 Rural Renewable Energy Alliance  Jay Edens Director  Non-profit, based in Minneapolis  Turn key production facility to produce solar panels for less than $1,500 for 4 x 10 ft panels Generate enough heat to reduce heating bills 25% Much better than LIHEAP  Production facility employs 2 people, in 20’x 20’  Tribe may be able to access RGGI funds for development  Passamaquoddy Development and Supply

 Production doubling every two years  12,400 MW globally  Germany leads the world in photo-energy production, with 30% less sun than Vermont.  Power cost /kwh will be at parity with fossil fuels by 2012

 Carbon Credit fund, begun October 2008  Quarterly auction for next 9 years  First auction generated $2.8 million  Funds for reducing CO2 emissions  $40,000 grant received for weatherization of houses

 “ There is no other resource that Comes even close in magnitude to the potential for making oil” John Sheehan, energy analyst, National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL), DOE, Golden, CO  Corn, 18 gal/acre: Algae, 5,000  Lipid content, Corn <2%, Chlorella Alga, 44  gal of algal culture = 300 gal biodiesel  Harvest every 4 days, 1,000 gal bioreactor yields 300 gal biodiesel every 20 weeks.

Wind power site WINDPOWER SITES Wind power site

 15 months wind data  Class 3 wind, commercially viable  RFP to 13 contractors, resulting in one proposal, DISGEN  Simple lease, no ownership, annual lease payment beginning at $227,000, escalate to $324,000 by year 25.  100% ownership would yield $7,623,000 first year, escalating to $10,723,000 by year 25.

 Cedar Mountain, T3R9  No met data, but approx 25 miles from 30.5 MW Stetson Mountain project being constructed.  Transmission line <8 miles, in Millinocket  Prentiss Township  Probably best wind farm site in State, but no transmission lines nearby.  Quebec Hydro Line 8 miles to west

1 2 TIDAL PROJECT SITES

UEK Turbines

 2 – year FERC pilot lease, funded by BIA, ends 2010  Produce enough power to power sewage treatment plant, approx. $2,000/month  Further development of tidal turbine “farm” has low potential, might generate 2 MW to provide power for local area.  Requires substantial regulatory development, and at least 10 years away.

 Not incineration  Reduce volume  Recycle metal and glass  Recover energy  By-products: syn-gas, water, fly ash, glass, metals  Very little CO2  Tipping fees approx. $40-50/ton

 Proven Technology, with plants being used since 1992 by US Navy, Canadian Department of Defense, numerous different markets and site locations around the world and in the US.  50 Ton plant =200 ft x 85 ft x 30 ft building, greenhouse is extra

 Tribal participation, on Tribal Trust land  Near NEBCO office?  Reclaim MSW dumps in Washington County  Reduce tipping fees  Generate power and heat  Reduce CO2 emissions  5 acre greenhouse for algal oil production, vegetable/medicinal plant production

 We are at 387 ppm now, there is no return

Climate change and food  15 billion Tons CO2 equivelants from agriculture  Includes 7.2 billion Tons from livestock  World carry-over stocks of grain 2008= 62 days; a record low.  25% of US grain is going to bio-fuel, enough to feed 500 million Indians.

Take home messages: To meet agricultural demand, productivity would need to double on a land area basis. CO 2 fertilization of crop yield is only half of what is assumed in global food security models.. Don Ort, Inst. Of Genomic Biology, U. of Urbana-Champaign, 2008

Climate change and water  70% of all freshwater used for irrigation  Wheat production – 8% since 1997, Rice – 4%

Climate change and health:  Direct:  Thermal stress, death/injury in storms, floods  Indirect:  Changes in range of disease vectors  Impacts:  Traumatic, infectious, nutritional, psychological occurring in demoralized and displaced populations.

Every human exhales 1 ton of CO2/yr 8.2 Billion tons/yr CO2 released from fossil fuel combustion THERE ARE 6.8 BILLION OF US

There’s a crack in everything That’s how the light gets in To illuminate us and save our world