Internet2 John E. Kennedy Vice President for Operations Ann Arbor, Michigan February 7, 2002

2 Discussion  Today’s Internet  What is Internet2  Areas of Activity  Network Infrastructure Update  Engagement With Internet2

3 Today’s Internet Millions of People Source: Nua Internet Surveys

4 Today’s Internet  Millions of users  Web, , low-quality audio & video  Interconnect personal computers and servers  Applications adapt to underlying technology

5 Today’s Internet Doesn’t  Provide reliable end-to-end performance  Encourage cooperation on new capabilities  Allow testing of new technologies  Support development of revolutionary applications

6 Tomorrow’s Internet  Billions of users and devices  Convergence of today’s applications with multimedia (telephony, video- conference, HDTV)  Interconnect personal computers, servers, and embedded computers  New technologies enable unanticipated applications (and create new challenges

7 What is Internet2?

8 Research and Development Commercialization Partnerships Privatization Internet Development Spiral Today’s Internet Internet2 Source: Ivan Moura Campos

9 Paths to Innovation  Lesson of the Web: unanticipated innovation  Network growth and value are non- linear  New technologies enable qualitatively different uses  Users become innovators

10 Internet2 Mission  Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet.

11 Internet2 Goals  Enable new generation of applications  Re-create leading edge R&E network capability  Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet

12 Why University Leadership?  The Internet came from the academic community Stanford – the Internet protocols NSFNet – the scaled-up Internet CERN – the WWW protocols University of Illinois – the Web browser  Universities’ research and education mission require an advanced Internet and have demonstrated they can develop it

13 Internet2 Governance  University presidents / chancellors are the voting representatives  Strong board  Advisory councils with board seats Applications Strategy Network Planning and Policy Network Research Liaison Industry Strategy Council

14 Internet2 Partnerships  Internet2 universities are recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy Industry Government International

15 Internet2 Universities 190 Universities as of January 2002

16 University Membership  Reasons for university engagement in Internet2 Access to high-performance network environment Engagement with leading-edge academic networking community Practical experience with developing and deploying new network technologies and applications Positive association with Internet2® brand

17 Additional Membership  Over 70 Internet2 Corporate Members  Over 40 Affiliate Members  36 International Partners

18 Additional Membership  Government Agencies & Research Labs Army Systems Engineering Office Earth Resources Observations Systems (EROS) Data Center (USGS) Jet Propulsion Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Marshall Space Flight Center National Institutes of Health National Institutes of Standards and Technology National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Science Foundation National Center for Atmospheric Research

19 Internet2 Corporate Partners

20 Maryland, Virginia, DC Area Members  Universities University of Maryland Johns Hopkins University University of Maryland Baltimore County University of Virginia Virginia Polytechnic University Old Dominion University George Mason University Virginia Commonwealth University College of William & Mary George Washington University Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) EDUCAUSE Georgetown University Gallaudet University

21 Maryland, Virginia, DC Area Members  Corporations Community of Science, Inc. Sprint WorldCom Verizon Communications Teleglobe Communications Corporation Cable & Wireless Advanced Infrastructure Ventures Multicast Technologies, Inc. Velocita Communications Accord Networks C-SPAN Blackboard, Inc.  Affiliates Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Inc.

22 Corporate Labs with Internet2 Backbone Network Access  Alcatel/USA  Aventis  Boeing Phantom Works  Ford Research  Fujitsu Labs of America  IBM Research (2 sites)  Johnson & Johnson Research (3 sites)  Microsoft Research  Motorola Labs  Pfizer

23 Corporate Membership  Reasons for corporate engagement in Internet2 Access to high-performance network environment Engagement with leading-edge academic networking community Practical experience with developing and deploying new network technologies and applications Positive association with Internet2® brand

24 Asia-Pacific AAIREP (Australia) APAN (Asia-Pacific) APAN-KR (Korea) APRU (Asia-Pacific) CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China) JAIRC (Japan) JUCC (Hong Kong) NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand) SingAREN (Singapore) TAnet2 (Taiwan) International MoU Partners Americas CANARIE (Canada) CUDI (Mexico) REUNA (Chile) RETINA (Argentina) RNP2 (Brazil) SENACYT (Panama) Europe-Middle East ARNES (Slovenia) BELNET (Belgium) CARNET (Croatia) CESnet (Czech Republic) DANTE (Europe) DFN-Verein (Germany) GIP RENATER (France) GRNET (Greece) HEAnet (Ireland) HUNGARNET (Hungary) INFN-GARR (Italy) Israel-IUCC (Israel) NORDUnet (Nordic Countries) POL-34 (Poland) RCCN (Portugal) RedIRIS (Spain) RESTENA (Luxembourg) Stichting SURF (Netherlands) SWITCH (Switzerland) TERENA (Europe) JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)

25 Chief Executive Officer Chief Executive Officer DC Office DC Office Finance Human Resources Technical Support Exec. Secretary Exec. Assistant Chief of Staff Chief of Staff Applications Development Chief Engineer Corporate Relations International Relations E2E Performance Communications Middleware Initiative Member Activities Network Infrastructure Board of Trustees Board of Trustees VP External Relations VP External Relations VP for Operations VP for Operations Internet2 Organization

26 Internet2 Focus Areas  Advanced Applications  Middleware  Engineering  Advanced Network Infrastructure

27 Internet2 Applications  What are “I2 applications”?  They deliver qualitative and quantitative improvements in how we conduct research and engage in teaching and learning  They require advanced networks to work

28 Advanced Applications  Goals Understand and communicate applications requirements Facilitate collaboration of key user communities Help develop key apps components where needed

29 Different Disciplines/Contexts  Sciences  Arts  Humanities  Health care  Business/Law  Administration  …  Library  Classroom  Clinic  Office  Laboratory  Dorm room  …

30 Application Attributes  Interactive collaboration  Real-time access to remote resources

31 Attributes, cont.  Large-scale, multi-site computation and data mining  Shared virtual reality  Any combination of the above

32 Advanced Applications Distance Education Master music classes University of Oklahoma Columbia University

33 Advanced Applications Remote Access to Scientific Instruments Mauna Kea Observatories AURA University of Hawaii

34 Advanced Applications Virtual Laboratories Space Physics & Aeronomy Research Collaboratory (SPARC) University of Michigan National Science Foundation

35 Advanced Applications Shared Virtual Reality CVD Alliance Images courtesy Univ. of Illinois- Chicago

36 Advanced Applications Tele-medicine Distributed Real-time, 3-D MRI Pittsburgh Supercomputer Center Images courtesy Univ. of Illinois- Chicago

Digital Video

38 Digital Video Applications  Up to broadcast quality videoconferencing  Both live distribution and on-demand access to a variety of content  HDTV-based digital cinema, network-based studio production, …

39 The Internet2 Commons  An effort to encourage and support large-scale, distributed collaboration for the research and education community Enabling one-to-one, one-to-group, and group- to-group collaboration Supporting personal communications, meetings, conferences, and teaching and learning For Internet2 members and their international partners

40 The Commons Vision The Internet2 Commons H.323 Other Collaborative Technologies VRVS Videoconferencing Technologies AGMPEG2Others Data SharingInstant MessagingVoice/IP Electronic Notebooks Peer to PeerCollaboratories

41 What is Middleware?  Specialized networked services shared by applications and users Permit scaling of applications and networks Take the complexity out of application integration  Second layer of the IT infrastructure, above the network  Where technology meets policy  What network designers and applications developers each do not want to do!

42 Core vs. Upper/Network

43 Middleware  Network-based services supporting applications Authentication Identification Authorization Directories Security  Commercial efforts Microsoft’s.NET Liberty Alliance

44 Why Middleware?  Internet2 goal Provide environment in which new/advanced applications can be developed and used  Middleware is the next layer of infrastructure that needs to be taken for granted by applications developers

45 Internet2 Middleware Initiative  Focus on core middleware as infrastructure  Interoperability 190 universities will never buy the same software  Getting stuff implemented Best practices  Integrate into campus infrastructure Discourage ‘islands’ of middleware infrastructure E.g., core middleware just for this grid project  Enable community to share resources Grid, remote instruments, shared classes

46 Internet2 Middleware Initiative  Advisory Groups Middleware Architecture Committee for Education Early Harvest and Early Adopters  Projects Internet2 PKI Labs –AT&T –Dartmouth College –University of Wisconsin Shibboleth –IBM/Tivoli Directory of Directories for Higher Education –Georgetown University –Sun Microsystems

47 Shibboleth Project  Goal: Support inter-institutional sharing of resources  Focus: Authenticate locally for access to shared, licensed resources at another campus  Scenario: Student at Stanford taking class at MIT need to access licensed materials (journals) at MIT for class  Bottom line: MIT doesn’t issue new userid/password, trusts Stanford authentication

48 Shibboleth Progress  Beta testing with a few schools in February  Code will be available this summer IBM supporting coding effort Open source implementation  Leverages existing campus authentication processes/software  Ultimately develop ‘Club Shib’ – group of universities in trust relationship

49 Internet2 Backbone Network: Abilene  Established and run by and for Internet2 members  2.4 gigabits per second  207 participating institutions  Reaches 50 states, District of Columbia, & Puerto Rico  Sponsored participation 37 individual institutions 18 state education networks

50 Internet2 Backbone Networks Image Courtesy of: Donna Cox and Robert Patterson, NCSA

51 Source: Detroit Free Press Downloading a DVD Using Internet2 Network Infrastructure

52 Internet2 Network Infrastructure - Overview  Campus  Regional / State  GigaPop  Backbone vBNS Abilene  International Connections

53 Network Architecture Internet2 Interconnect Cloud GigaPoP One Regional Network University C Commercial Internet Connections University B University A

54 Abilene Background and Milestones  Abilene is a UCAID project in partnership with Qwest Communications (SONET & DWDM service) Nortel Networks (SONET kit) Cisco Systems (routers) Indiana University (network operations) ITECs in North Carolina and Ohio (test and evaluation)  Timeline Apr 1988: Project announced at White House Jan 1999: Production status for network Oct 1999: IP version of HDTV (215 Mbps) over Abilene Apr 2001: First state education network added Jun 2001: Participation reaches all 50 states & D.C. Nov 2001: Raw HDTV/IP (1.5 Gbps) over Abilene

55 Future of Abilene  Original UCAID/Qwest MoU amended on October 1, 2001  Extension of Qwest’s original commitment to Abilene for another 5 years – 10/01/2006 Originally expired March, 2003  Upgrade of Abilene backbone to optical transport capability - ’s X4 increase in the core backbone bandwidth –OC-48c SONET (2.5 Gbps) to 10-Gbps DWDM Capability for flexible provisioning of ’s to support future point-to-point experimentation and other projects

56 Operations Stability Safety / security Unit cost / efficiency Business Solutions Cost savings Revenue enhancing Customer satisfaction / quality Preparing for the Future Research Competency / capacity building Identifying trends & connecting them with business opportunities and challenges CIO’s Top Three Areas of Concern and Internet2 RelevanceArea of Concern Source: Marv Adams, CIO Ford Motor Company Source: Marv Adams, CIO Ford Motor Company

57 Scanning & Tracking IP Management Ecosystem Management R&D Technology Strategy and Governance Technology Portfolio Management Internal/external research and development (R&D) leading to new technologies and their uses; does not include incremental or core business product related R&D Management of participants in an ecosystem to spur idea generation and innovation Management approaches and capabilities to maximize value through rapidly changing technologies and technology-based innovation Management of investments in a portfolio of new technologies and technology- based ideas that have potential for value creation Active management of a firm’s intellectual property (IP) portfolio to enhance shareholder value A rigorous process of searching/ tracking new technologies and of generating innovative ideas through their singular or combined application Source: Accenture Proactive Information Technology Management

58 Practically Speaking…  The system of collectively learning and altering our environment is very fragmented today in most institutions  Yet, these are the likely eventual realities: Inexpensive, widely available high communications bandwidth Other emerging technologies that, when combined with bandwidth, will enable breakthroughs Tomorrow’s survivors will be continuously learning and taking advantage of technological advances

59 Work of Internet2  Member-focused  Member-led  Internet2 staff provide central staff  Work with other organizations in networking (IETF, Educause, ISOC)

60 Initiatives and Working Groups  Working Groups Multicast VoIP…  Initiatives End-to-End Network Performance Digital Video…  Projects Shibboleth Abilene…

61 Meetings and Workshops  National Meetings  Technical Workshops  Virtual Briefings

62 Support Framework  Document library  Newsletter  Discussion lists  Calendar