Ohm’s Law and Electrical Power

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Presentation transcript:

Ohm’s Law and Electrical Power

Reminders Resistance ( R ): “Electrical friction”, opposition to current Measured in ohms Current ( I): How fast the electricity is traveling Measured in amps

How do resistance( R ) & current (I) relate to each other? Inverse relationship As resistance increases, current decreases As resistance decreases, current increases

Formulas for Ohm’s Law Resistance = Voltage/ current R = V/I Voltage = Current X Resistance V = I X R

Practice Problems A flashlight has 1.5 ohms of resistance and uses 5 amps of current. How many volts does the flashlight need? 1. Write the equation V = I X R 2. Fill in the numbers and units V = 5 amps X 1.5 ohms 3. Solve: V = 7.5 volts

Practice on Your Own If a lightning bolt has 1000 ohms of resistance and a current of 150 A how much voltage of electricity does it have?

Solved 1. Write the equation V = I X R 2. Fill in the numbers and units V = 150 amps X 1000 ohms 3. Solve: V = 150,000 volts

Electrical Power The rate at which electrical energy is changed into other forms of energy Formula for calculating power Power = voltage X current P = V X I Unit for power is Watts (W) and Kilowatts (kW) 1 kW = 1000 W

Practice Problems A toaster draws about 10 A of current. A home receives 120 V at each outlet. What is the power of the toaster? 1. Write the equation P = V X I 2. Fill in the numbers and units P = 120 V X 10 A 3. Multiply to solve: P = 1,200 W

Practice on Your Own An overhead projector draws about 4.5 A of current from a 120 V outlet. What is the power needs for the overhead projector?

Solved P = V X I P = 120 V X 4.5 A P = 540 watts