Stress & Disease Health Psychology

A. Nervous System –peripheral nervous system autonomic nervous system = controls organs (involuntary, automatic) –sympathetic nervous system = mobilizes body for action –parasympathetic nervous system = maintains & ____________________ Physiology of Stress

B. Neuroendocrine System neuroendocrine glands = controlled by nervous system release hormones that travel through blood & act on organs –_________________ releases many hormones, acts on adrenal glands –adrenal glands = secretes catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) –epi & norepi increase sympathetic stimulation » ^ heart rate » ^ blood pressure (bp) » ^ breathing rate » blood sent to muscles

Consequences of Stress Health habits ^ smoking ^ alcohol use ^ drug use v ____________ v sleep

Health behaviors v chance of seeking care ^ delay in seeking care v ______________ unclear symptom profile Physiological effects ^ lipids ^ bp ^ hormonal activity v immunity

Infection & the Immune System Infection = ___________ invade & grow in body

3 Factors Determining Infection 1)Number of organisms 2)Virulence of organism –______________ = ability to resist body’s defenses –Toxigenicity = ability to produce poisons 3)Body’s defensive power

Types of Infection Primary = initial Secondary = 2 nd infection, when body’s resistance is lowered from fighting primary infection w vulnerable –often ________ than primary infection –e.g., pneumonia

Immune System Tissues, organs, & processes Protects from foreign invasion –Bacteria –Viruses –Fungi Removes damaged or _____________

Immune System Function ________________ Responses = attack any invader –Anatomical barriers = prevent entry ( e.g., skin, nose & mouth mucous membranes) –Phagocytosis = attack foreign particles Specific Responses = recognizes & attacks specific invaders, immunity

Creating Immunity Vaccination = introduce weakened or dead bacteria or viruses

Immune System Disorders Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome (AIDS) = immune system destroyed Allergies = _____________ immune system Autoimmune disorder = immune sys attacks body’s own cells

Stress & Disease Infection ______________ Cardiovascular Disease –Complex relationship Asthma Arthritis Diabetes Hyperthyroidism